Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39182104›Full record

ArticleBMC oral health2024

Network analysis of three-dimensional hard-soft tissue relationships in the lower 1/3 of the face: skeletal Class I-normodivergent malocclusion versus Class II-hyperdivergent malocclusion.

Tianyi Wang, Kaichen Nie, Yi Fan, Gui Chen, Kaiyuan Xu, Bing Han, Yuru Pei, Guangying Song, Tianmin Xu

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC oral health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tianyi WangDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
Kaichen NieKey Laboratory of Machine Perception (MOE), Department of Machine Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Yi FanBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
Gui ChenDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
Kaiyuan XuBeijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
Bing HanDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
Yuru PeiKey Laboratory of Machine Perception (MOE), Department of Machine Intelligence, School of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Guangying SongDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China. songguangying@sina.com.
Tianmin XuDepartment of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China. tmxuortho@163.com.

Funding

National clinical key discipline construction project PKUSSNKT-T202102National Natural Science Foundation of China 82071172
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe determining effect of facial hard tissues on soft tissue morphology in orthodontic patients has yet to be explained. The aim of this study was to clarify the hard-soft tissue relationships of the lower 1/3 of the face in skeletal Class II-hyperdivergent patients compared with those in Class I-normodivergent patients using network analysis.

methodsFifty-two adult patients (42 females, 10 males; age, 26.58 ± 5.80 years) were divided into two groups: Group 1, 25 subjects, skeletal Class I normodivergent pattern with straight profile; Group 2, 27 subjects, skeletal Class II hyperdivergent pattern with convex profile. Pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography and three-dimensional facial scans were taken and superimposed, on which landmarks were identified manually, and their coordinate values were used for network analysis.

results(1) In sagittal direction, Group 2 correlations were generally weaker than Group 1. In both the vertical and sagittal directions of Group 1, the most influential hard tissue landmarks to soft tissues were located between the level of cemento-enamel junction of upper teeth and root apex of lower teeth. In Group 2, the hard tissue landmarks with the greatest influence in vertical direction were distributed more forward and downward than in Group 1. (2) In Group 1, all the correlations for vertical-hard tissue to sagittal-soft tissue position and sagittal-hard tissue to vertical-soft tissue position were positive. However, Group 2 correlations between vertical-hard tissue and sagittal-soft tissue positions were mostly negative. Between sagittal-hard tissue and vertical-soft tissue positions, Group 2 correlations were negative for mandible, and were positive for maxilla and teeth.

conclusionCompared with Class I normodivergent patients with straight profile, Class II hyperdivergent patients with convex profile had more variations in soft tissue morphology in sagittal direction. In vertical direction, the most relevant hard tissue landmarks on which soft tissue predictions should be based were distributed more forward and downward in Class II hyperdivergent patients with convex profile. Class II hyperdivergent pattern with convex profile was an imbalanced phenotype concerning sagittal and vertical positions of maxillofacial hard and soft tissues.

Indexed as

Anatomic LandmarksCephalometryCone-Beam Computed TomographyFaceImaging, Three-DimensionalMalocclusion, Angle Class IMalocclusion, Angle Class IIMandibleAdultChinFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedIncisorMaleMaxillaData miningFacial soft tissueMorphologyNetwork analysisSkeletal Class II malocclusionSkeletal Class I malocclusionThree-dimensional measurementVertical pattern

Identifiers

PMID39182104
PMCPMC11344932

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.