ArticleJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA2024
Characterizing apparent treatment resistant hypertension in the United States: insights from the All of Us Research Program.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Effect of Veteran Race and Socioeconomic Status on Enrollment in Remote Patient Monitoring for Hypertension: Retrospective Observational Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Observational
- Fixed-dose combinationFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Esaxerenone for Essential Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Additive Value of Polygenic Risk Score to Family History for Type 2 Diabetes Prediction: Results From the All of Us Research Database.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- Returning value to communities from the All of Us Research Program through innovative approaches for data use, analysis, dissemination, and research capacity building.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHypertension (HTN) remains a significant public health concern and the primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death in the United States. We applied our validated HTN computable phenotypes within the All of Us Research Program to uncover prevalence and characteristics of HTN and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) in United States.
methodsWithin the All of Us Researcher Workbench, we built a retrospective cohort (January 1, 2008-July 1, 2023), identifying all adults with available age data, at least one blood pressure (BP) measurement, prescribed at least one antihypertensive medication, and with at least one SNOMED "Essential hypertension" diagnosis code.
resultsWe identified 99 461 participants with HTN who met the eligibility criteria. Following the application of our computable phenotypes, an overall population of 81 462 were further categorized to aTRH (14.4%), stable-controlled HTN (SCH) (39.5%), and Other HTN (46.1%). Compared to participants with SCH, participants with aTRH were older, more likely to be of Black or African American race, had higher levels of social deprivation, and a heightened prevalence of comorbidities such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes were the comorbidities most strongly associated with aTRH. β-blockers were the most prescribed antihypertensive medication. At index date, the overall BP control rate was 62%. DISCUSSION AND
conclusionAll of Us provides a unique opportunity to characterize HTN in the United States. Consistent findings from this study with our prior research highlight the interoperability of our computable phenotypes.
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