ArticleScientific reports2024
Factors for increasing positive predictive value of pneumothorax detection on chest radiographs using artificial intelligence.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Performance of an artificial intelligence-based software in detecting pneumothorax on supine chest radiographs: a retrospective study.Emergency radiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of multimodal large language models for pneumothorax assessment in real-world clinical scenarios.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Simple X-ray Metric Predicts Postoperative Course After Spontaneous Pneumothorax Surgery.Cureus · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence in Pleural Diseases: Current Applications and Next Steps.Thoracic research and practice · 2026Article
- Evaluating AI Models for Pneumothorax Detection on Chest Radiographs: Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Trade-Offs.Cureus · 2025Article
- Impact of AI Assistance in Pneumothorax Detection on Chest Radiographs Among Readers of Varying Experience.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimizing adult-oriented artificial intelligence for pediatric chest radiographs by adjusting operating points.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
This study evaluated the positive predictive value (PPV) of artificial intelligence (AI) in detecting pneumothorax on chest radiographs (CXRs) and its affecting factors. Patients determined to have pneumothorax on CXR by a commercial AI software from March to December 2021 were included retrospectively. The PPV was evaluated according to the true-positive (TP) and false-positive (FP) diagnosis determined by radiologists. To know the factors that might influence the results, logistic regression with generalized estimating equation was used. Among a total of 87,658 CXRs, 308 CXRs with 331 pneumothoraces from 283 patients were finally included. The overall PPV of AI about pneumothorax was 41.1% (TF:FP = 136:195). The PA view (odds ratio [OR], 29.837; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.062-59.107), high abnormality score (OR, 1.081; 95% CI, 1.066-1.097), large amount of pneumothorax (OR, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.003-1.007), presence of ipsilateral atelectasis (OR, 3.508; 95% CI, 1.509-8.156) and a small amount of ipsilateral pleural effusion (OR, 5.277; 95% CI, 2.55-10.919) had significant effects on the increasing PPV. Therefore, PPV for pneumothorax diagnosis using AI can vary based on patients' factors, image-acquisition protocols, and the presence of concurrent lesions on CXR.
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