ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2024
Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis burden at the village level in selected high visceral leishmaniasis endemic upazilas in Bangladesh.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence and associated risk factors of human leishmaniasis in sub-Saharan Africa: an umbrella review.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Accelerating vaccine research and development for skin neglected tropical diseases: A case for leishmaniasis, leprosy, and Buruli ulcer.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Report of the Seventh Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Consortium meeting, Kolkata, India, 28-29 November 2024.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Risk factors for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL): Challenges in understanding pathophysiology.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
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13 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesAs post kala-azar Dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) threatens the success of the Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) elimination initiative, we aimed to investigate the PKDL burden, including an active search for PKDL in leprosy-negative skin lesion cases. We also investigated their health-seeking behavior and perceived level of stigma.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional survey among inhabitants in the VL-endemic villages of the five most VL-endemic upazilas. VL experts trained medical officers in Upazila Health Complexes (UHCs) and leprosy facilities in PKDL management. Frontline workers conducted house-to-house surveys, referring PKDL suspects to designated centers. Data analysis involved Epi Info version 7 and IBM SPSS Statistics 25.
resultsAmong 472,435 screened individuals, 4022 had past VL (0.85 %). Among the screened population, 82 were PKDL suspects, and 62 PKDL cases were confirmed. The overall PKDL burden was 1.3 (95 % CI: 1.0-1.7) in the 10,000 population in the endemic villages. Male predominance and macular form of PKDL were observed. Thirty-nine PKDL patients perceived stigma of different levels. Only 27 of 62 (44 %) had received PKDL treatment. Medicine's unavailability and side effects were a major reason behind treatment interruption. Active screening among 137 leprosy-negative PKDL suspects yielded 10 (7.3 %) PKDL cases.
conclusionThe existence of PKDL cases in the VL endemic areas is a concern as those are inter-epidemic reservoirs. As per the WHO roadmap, the PKDL burden must be reduced by 70 % and 100 %, respectively, by 2026 and 2030. NKEP can take the current burden of 1.3 per 10,000 people in VL endemic villages as a baseline. Integrating active case detection for PKDL in leprosy hospitals and screening centers is feasible and worth deploying nationwide.
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