Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39177934›Full record

ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2025

Phonological Development in 3-6-Year-Old Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism, Developmental Delays, and Typical Development.

Min Liu, Jinhe Han, Yuexin Zhang, Jieling Wen, Yanxia Wang, Xinyu Hu, Mudi Sun, Lu Qu, Xuling Han, Lian Xu and 3 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07472829 (Research on Speech Development Trajectories and Predictive Models in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07472829 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Research on Speech Development Trajectories and Predictive Models in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorChildren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityRan2026 to 2027Enrolled120ConditionsSpeech, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)ArmsApproaches to ASD social intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Min LiuShanghai Institute of AI for Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9424-8546
Jinhe HanDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-9295-463X
Yuexin ZhangSunshine Intellectual Disability (Autism) Early Childhood Education and Rehabilitation Center, Jiaxing, China.
Jieling WenDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-2321-4601
Yanxia WangDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6303-8573
Xinyu HuDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-3047-1735
Mudi SunDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-8049-6693
Lu QuShanghai Institute of AI for Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-3662
Xuling HanDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-2815-4372
Lian XuSunshine Intellectual Disability (Autism) Early Childhood Education and Rehabilitation Center, Jiaxing, China.
Hang ZhaoDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8861-2882
Haidan LuDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5178-6432
Qiaoyun LiuDepartment of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China. qyliu@spe.ecnu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-9537

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2023M731104Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China 23YJC740035Major Program of Humanities and Social Science of Shanghai Education Commission 2023SKZD07the State Language Commission's "14th Five-Year Plan" Scientific Research Project YB45-21
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Research on the phonological development of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has not yet reached consistent conclusions, and systematic studies from different language groups are needed. This study aimed to systematically investigate the characteristics of phonological development in 3-6 year-old Mandarin-speaking children with ASD. We analyzed 10 min speech samples from 21 children with ASD, 18 development level-matched children with developmental disorders (DD), and 15 chronological age-matched typically developing (TD) children during semi-structured parent-child free play based on Mandarin phonological features. The children with ASD had a significantly smaller inventory than those with TD on the initial and final inventories. The children with ASD had only a significantly smaller initial inventory than those with DD in Phases 2 and 4. Compared with TD children, children with ASD used a higher proportion of V

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderDevelopmental DisabilitiesLanguage DevelopmentLanguage Development DisordersPhoneticsCase-Control StudiesChildChild, PreschoolChinaFemaleHumansMaleSpeechAutism spectrum disorderDevelopmental disorderFinal inventoryInitial inventoryPhonological developmentSyllable complexitySyllable diversity

Identifiers

PMID39177934

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.