ReviewCureus2024
The Penicillin Pioneer: Alexander Fleming's Journey to a Medical Breakthrough.
Review in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Nacubactam: a review on mechanistic insights and therapeutic promise for combating β-lactam resistance among multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Review
- The Silent Pandemic: Antimicrobial Resistance, a Global Threat with Ancient Roots.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Seasonal Trends and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Bacterial Pathogens in Indian Clinical Isolates.Cureus · 2025Article
- Influence of heparin-based anticoagulants on antibiotic therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin is one of the most significant breakthroughs in medical history, revolutionizing the treatment of bacterial infections and saving countless lives. This report chronicles Fleming's journey from his early life in rural Scotland to his pioneering work in bacteriology. It delves into his medical education and career, including his formative experiences during World War I that shaped his future research. The serendipitous discovery of penicillin in 1928, followed by the challenges of isolating and producing the antibiotic, is explored in detail. The report also highlights the crucial contributions of Howard Florey, Ernst Boris Chain, and Norman Heatley in developing penicillin into a widely usable therapeutic agent, particularly during World War II. Fleming's achievements were recognized with the Nobel Prize in 1945 and numerous other honors in Physiology/Medicine. His personal life, continued research, and lasting impact on medicine are also discussed, emphasizing the enduring legacy of his work in the ongoing development of antibiotics and the transformation of medical practices. This comprehensive overview underscores the importance of curiosity, perseverance, and collaboration in scientific discovery, inspiring future researchers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.