Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39176011›Full record

ArticleJournal of family & community medicine

Self-prescription with psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals working at mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia.

Ibrahim M Albawardi, Layla A Abu Abdullah, Fatimah S Alzouri, Hawra M Aldar, Manar A Al-Shiban, Dalal M AlBakr, Jawaher A AlMusailhi, Saleh M AlSaidan, Ali M Sonbaa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of family & community medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Mental Health Stigma and Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Primary Healthcare Physicians in Oman.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ibrahim M AlbawardiDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Layla A Abu AbdullahCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Fatimah S AlzouriCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Hawra M AldarCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Manar A Al-ShibanCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Dalal M AlBakrDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Jawaher A AlMusailhiDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Saleh M AlSaidanDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Ali M SonbaaDepartment of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHealthcare professionals who work in mental health institutions are more exposed to psychotropic medications than those in other healthcare institutions and are, therefore, more likely to self-prescribe. Self-prescription is a concerning phenomenon because of the potential for medication misuse, drug interaction, addiction, and other social, physical, and psychological consequences. This study investigated the prevalence of self-prescription of psychotropic medications and the most common self-prescribed psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals in mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia. It also aimed to determine the possible side effects and factors associated with self-prescription of psychotropic medications. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis was a cross-sectional study using an electronic survey consisting of a researcher-designed checklist, targeting healthcare professionals in mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia. The independent variables were sex, nationality, occupation, place of residence, place of work, previous diagnosis of mental illness, marital, and living status. Data were analyzed, using SPSS, and frequency distribution and percentages were calculated. Chi-square test was employed to determine association between self-prescription and various independent variables.

resultsThe final sample size was 588; 9.5% healthcare professionals working at mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia admitted to self-prescription with psychotropic medications. Almost half of those who admitted to self-prescription (48.2%) and about 1/4 (23.2%) self-prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and benzodiazepines, respectively. The most commonly reported side effects of self-prescription were gastrointestinal symptoms and drowsiness. The study also suggested that males were significantly more prone to self-prescribing than females (

conclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study in Saudi Arabia to assess the self-prescription of psychotropic medications by healthcare professionals at mental health institutions. This study is important for decision-makers in their planning and updating of prescription policies. It is also equally important to spread awareness among healthcare professionals about the consequences of self-prescription.

Indexed as

Antidepressantsantipsychoticsanxiolyticsmental healthmood stabilizerspsychotropic medicationsself-prescriptionstimulants

Identifiers

PMID39176011
PMCPMC11338394

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.