ReviewAnimal reproduction2024
Sperm hyperactivation in the uterus and oviduct: a double-edged sword for sperm and maternal innate immunity toward fertility.
Review in Animal reproduction, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lactate inhibits glucose-induced zigzag motility and enhances linear motility in bull spermatozoa by suppressing glycolysis.Andrology · 2026Article
- Innate immune system for a crosstalk of sperm-egg-uterine epithelium towards fertility: Toll-like receptor 2 as a physiological sensor.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Sperm dynamics in the female reproductive tract and their role in regulating fertility.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Sperm TLR2/1 activation modulates the paternal RNA cargo and enhances bovine embryonic development.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Effects of genotypes on sperm quality and fertility of buffalo bulls.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2025Article
- TLR2 and TLR4 bridge physiological and pathological inflammation in the reproductive system.Communications biology · 2025Review
- Modulation of NETosis in Swine Neutrophil-Spermatozoa Co-Cultures In Vitro: Effects of Butylated Hydroxytoluene, Albumin, Prostaglandin EAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Semen extender triggers a mild physiological inflammatory response in the uterus without disrupting sperm-uterine immune crosstalk in vitro in cattle.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In cattle, artificial insemination (AI) is a technique that allows breeding by depositing frozen-thawed and extended semen into the female reproductive tract. The semen contains sperm with various motility patterns including dead, progressive and hyperactivated. Sperm hyperactivation is high amplitude, asymmetrical beating of sperm tail which usually occurs in the oviduct as part of the capacitation process, but it can also be induced by cryopreservation. After insemination, sperm enter the uterine glands and trigger a pro-inflammatory response in the uterus. Hyperactivated sperm, stimulated by sperm-Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), penetrates the mucus and uterine glands more efficiently and enhances the immune response. This facilitates the clearance of excess and dead sperm from the uterus. Some sperm escape the immune response and reach the oviduct either before or after the immune response is initiated. In the oviduct, sperm bind to the epithelium and form a reservoir. This triggers an anti-inflammatory response and preserves the fertilization potential of sperm. Hyperactivation facilitates sperm detaching from the epithelium, swimming through the viscous mucus and cumulus cells, and penetrating the egg's zona pellucida. Sperm-TLR2 activation enhances Ca
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