Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39174507›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Structure of anellovirus-like particles reveal a mechanism for immune evasion.

Shu-Hao Liou, Rajendra Boggavarapu, Noah R Cohen, Yue Zhang, Ishwari Sharma, Lynn Zeheb, Nidhi Mukund Acharekar, Hillary D Rodgers, Saadman Islam, Jared Pitts and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile:The Journal of general virology · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Anellovirus protein encoded byProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. The Journal of general virology · 2025
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Shu-Hao Liou *Ring Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Rajendra Boggavarapu *Ring Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Noah R CohenRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Yue ZhangRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4367-4470
Ishwari SharmaRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Lynn ZehebRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Nidhi Mukund AcharekarRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Hillary D RodgersRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Saadman IslamRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Jared PittsRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Cesar ArzeRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3606-4183
Harish SwaminathanRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Nathan YozwiakRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Tuyen OngRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Roger J HajjarRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Yong ChangRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Kurt A SwansonRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. kswanson@ringtx.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4749-8355
Simon DelagraveRing Therapeutics, 140 First Street Suite 300, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0865-2196

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Anelloviruses are nonpathogenic viruses that comprise a major portion of the human virome. Despite being ubiquitous in the human population, anelloviruses (ANVs) remain poorly understood. Basic features of the virus, such as the identity of its capsid protein and the structure of the viral particle, have been unclear until now. Here, we use cryogenic electron microscopy to describe the first structure of an ANV-like particle. The particle, formed by 60 jelly roll domain-containing ANV capsid proteins, forms an icosahedral particle core from which spike domains extend to form a salient part of the particle surface. The spike domains come together around the 5-fold symmetry axis to form crown-like features. The base of the spike domain, the P1 subdomain, shares some sequence conservation between ANV strains while a hypervariable region, forming the P2 subdomain, is at the spike domain apex. We propose that this structure renders the particle less susceptible to antibody neutralization by hiding vulnerable conserved domains while exposing highly diverse epitopes as immunological decoys, thereby contributing to the immune evasion properties of anelloviruses. These results shed light on the structure of anelloviruses and provide a framework to understand their interactions with the immune system.

Indexed as

Capsid ProteinsCryoelectron MicroscopyImmune EvasionVirionAmino Acid SequenceAnelloviridaeEpitopesHumansModels, MolecularProtein DomainsCapsid ProteinsEpitopes

Identifiers

PMID39174507
PMCPMC11341859

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.