Trial reportJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2024
Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Ovarian and Endometrial Cancers: Long-Term Follow-Up of the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trials.
Trial report in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- The efficacy and safety of Femoston combined with Baoqing granules for kidney Yin deficiency in perimenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Organoids: Current Applications and Future Directions.MedComm · 2026Review
- Menopausal hormone therapy and primary liver cancer: long-term follow-up of the women's health initiative randomized trials.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Global burden trends and menopause timing associations for gynecological and breast cancers in postmenopausal women.iScience · 2026Article
- Bioinspired and stimuli-responsive nanocomposites for targeted therapy in ovarian and endometrial tumors.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Residential Radon Levels and Ovarian Cancer Among Postmenopausal Women.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Then and Now: What We Have Learned From the WHI.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Dienogest use and the risk of breast and gynecologic cancers: A nationwide population-based study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Inhibits Tumorigenesis in Mouse Models of Oviductal High-Grade Serous Carcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Safety and Cognitive Benefits of a Novel Functional Drink from a Purple Waxy Corn Byproduct in Peri- and Postmenopausal Women.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Women's hormonal health research and care: the times, they are a-changin'.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Updates in Hormone Replacement Therapy for Survivors of Gynecologic Cancers.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- The immune microenvironment in endometrial carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A possible important regulatory role of estrogen in obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeMenopausal hormone therapy's influence on ovarian and endometrial cancers remains unsettled. Therefore, we assessed the long-term influence of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and CEE-alone on ovarian and endometrial cancer incidence and mortality in the Women's Health Initiative randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. MATERIALS AND
methodsPostmenopausal women, age 50-79 years, were entered on two randomized clinical trials evaluating different menopausal hormone therapy regimens. In 16,608 women with a uterus, 8,506 were randomly assigned to once daily 0.625 mg of CEE plus 2.5 mg once daily of MPA and 8,102 placebo. In 10,739 women with previous hysterectomy, 5,310 were randomly assigned to once daily 0.625 mg of CEE-alone and 5,429 placebo. Intervention was stopped for cause before planned 8.5-year intervention after 5.6 years (CEE plus MPA) and after 7.2 years (CEE-alone). Outcomes include incidence and mortality from ovarian and endometrial cancers and deaths after these cancers.
resultsAfter 20-year follow-up, CEE-alone, versus placebo, significantly increased ovarian cancer incidence (35 cases [0.041%]
conclusionIn randomized clinical trials, CEE-alone increased ovarian cancer incidence and ovarian cancer mortality, while CEE plus MPA did not. By contrast, CEE plus MPA significantly reduced endometrial cancer incidence.
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