Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39173076›Full record

ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2024

The Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Tanja Hildenbrand, Katrin Milger-Kneidinger, Ingo Baumann, Rainer Weber

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Programmed Cell Death in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Clinical and translational allergy · 2026
    Review
  4. The Association Between Allergic Rhinitis, Eosinophilic Inflammation, and Postoperative Recurrence in Nasal Polyps.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Prevalence Overestimated.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025
    Article
  10. In Reply.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tanja HildenbrandDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital (LMU) Munich, Medical Clinic V - Pneumology, Munich, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Sinus and Skull Base Surgery, Traumatology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany; Sinus Academy, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Katrin Milger-Kneidinger
Ingo Baumann
Rainer Weber

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by local chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose and paranasal sinuses. It affects approximately 5% of the population.

methodsThis review is based on relevant publications retrieved by a selective search of the literature, with particular attention to current national and international guidelines.

resultsCRS is defined by, and diagnosed on the basis of, a combination of symptoms and objective findings of nasal endoscopy and imaging studies. It markedly impairs quality of life and gives rise to both direct and indirect health care costs. In 20-45% of cases, CRS is associated with comorbid bronchial asthma and a significantly elevated risk of further diseases (e.g., COPD, OR 1.73; depression, HR 1.50; obstructive sleep apnea, OR 1.91; carcinoma, OR 1.14-5.30). CRS is primarily treated medically with topical steroids (standardized mean difference of nasal symptoms, -0.63 (95% confidence interval [-0.89; -0.37]; standardized mean difference of quality of life as measured by SNOT -22, -5.46 [-8.08; -2.84]), as well as with nasal lavage and, as an option, systemic steroids (and antibiotics where appropriate). If appropriate medical treatment fails to bring about adequate and sustained improvement, endoscopic sinus surgery is indicated. This improves the individual symptoms, the overall symptom score, and patients' quality of life. Severe refractory CRS with nasal polyposis can be treated with biological agents.

conclusionCRS calls for individually adapted medical and/or surgical treatment.

Indexed as

RhinitisSinusitisChronic DiseaseEndoscopyEvidence-Based MedicineHumansRhinosinusitisTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID39173076
PMCPMC11741551

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.