ArticleTranslational stroke research2025
Progesterone Receptor Agonist, Nestorone, Exerts Long-Term Neuroprotective Effects Against Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Adult and Aged Male Rats.
Article in Translational stroke research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A comprehensive meta-analysis of exogenous estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in animal models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.Biology of sex differences · 2026Pooled it
- Low dose intranasal nestorone self-emulsifying drug delivery system promotes neuroprotection in experimental stroke through modulation of glial cells.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Article
- Optimized intranasal delivery of segesterone acetate progestin to the brain using nanoemulsions and microemulsions.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is currently the most effective medicine for stroke; however, it has a narrow therapeutic time window (4.5 h after symptom onset). We demonstrated that nestorone, a progesterone (P4) receptor agonist, exerted neuroprotective effects against transient focal cerebral ischemia 6 h post-ischemic administration in adult male rats. This study examines its effects on permanent focal cerebral ischemia in adult and aged male rats, which are better models for evaluating treatment outcomes in typical stroke patients. Adult (6-month-old) or aged (18-month-old) male rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) were continuously administered nestorone (10µg/day) or its vehicle (30% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) for 7 days via an osmotic pump subcutaneously implanted, starting at 18 h post-pMCAO. Nestorone-treated adult male rats showed marked improvements in behavioral outcomes in the adhesive removal and rotarod tests and a significant reduction in infarct size compared to vehicle-treated rats 9 and 30 days post-pMCAO. The same administration of nestorone resulted in apparently comparable neuroprotective effects in aged male rats. The inflammatory mediator NF-κB/p65 was increased in Iba-1 positive cells 24 h post-pMCAO, but was significantly suppressed by subcutaneous injection of nestorone. These results suggested that nestorone exerts long-term neuroprotective effects against permanent focal cerebral ischemia in adult and aged male rats. Nestorone is thus a promising agent for post-stroke treatment owing to its wide age-independent therapeutic time window (18 h after symptom onset), which is longer than that of tPA therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39172309What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.