Observational studyDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2024
Long-term safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in individuals with obesity and without type 2 diabetes: A global retrospective cohort study.
Observational study in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It reports registered trial NCT07465926. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Associations of Early Add-On GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy With Mortality and Kidney Outcomes in Adults With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Across Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Stages 2-3: A Target-Trial Emulation
Pre-Diagnosis GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Post-Cancer Mortality in Adults With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis revealing motor benefit and highlighting mood improvement.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Cardiorenal Mortality and Safety Outcomes of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes With BMI Below 27 kg/mDiabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Obesity and Women's health across the lifespan: A clinical review of life Stage-Specific challenges and treatment considerations.Obesity pillars · 2026Review
- A survey of primary care physicians' views on supporting patients who lose insurance coverage for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-based drugs for weight management.Obesity pillars · 2026Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists at immune checkpoint inhibitor initiation with immune-related and supportive-care outcomes in patients with cancer and overweight or obesity without diabetes: a target trial emulation.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Associations of Semaglutide With Skeletal Outcomes in People With Obesity, With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Neuropsychiatric association of tirzepatide and semaglutide in obesity with and without type 2 diabetes.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Reversal of early-life high fat diet prevents spatial discrimination deficits corresponding with altered brain inflammatory and metabolic profiles in male C57BL/6J mice.Nutritional neuroscience · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Peptides in Aesthetic, Metabolic and Endocrine Conditions: Effects, Safety, Clinical Applications, and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Effectiveness of Pre-Transplant Dual GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor Therapy on All-Cause Mortality in Organ Transplantation Candidates with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: a Target-Trial Emulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Associations of mortality and sepsis after GLP-1 receptor agonist initiation versus SGLT2 inhibitor or metformin initiation in people with HIV, overweight or obesity, and type 2 diabetes: A target trial emulation.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Comparative 24-month cardiovascular outcomes and biomarker trajectories with semaglutide, empagliflozin, and sitagliptin in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes: a multicenter real-world study.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Macrophage Immunometabolism in Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Obesity-Related Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy on Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation in Obese Patients: A Real-World Data Analysis.Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology · 2026Observational
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Chronic Cough: A Narrative Review.ORL-head and neck nursing : official journal of the Society of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Nurses · 2026Article
- Semaglutide Reprograms Macrophages via the GLP-1R/PPARG/ACSL1 Pathway to Suppress Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Growth.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Associations Between Common Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis Treatments and All-Cause Mortality.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparative Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1-RAs) in Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Weight Management: A Real-World Data Study.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Article
- An Update on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.Journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Association of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with atrial fibrillation, cardiac arrest, and ventricular fibrillation: Casual evidence from a drug target Mendelian randomization.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimWe aimed to investigate the long-term impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on thyroid function, cardiovascular health, renal outcomes and adverse events in individuals with obesity and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND
methodsIn this observational cohort study, we used propensity score matching to construct comparable cohorts of individuals with obesity and without T2D who were new to GLP-1 RA treatment and those who did not receive glucose-lowering medications. In total, 3,729,925 individuals with obesity were selected from the TriNetX Global Network, with an index event between 1 January 2016 and 31 March 2024. The primary outcomes were safety, cardiovascular, thyroid and clinical biochemical profile outcomes occurring within 5 years following the index event.
resultsAfter propensity score matching, the study included 12,123 individuals in each group. GLP-1 RA treatment was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.23; 95% confidence interval 0.15-0.34) and several cardiovascular complications, including ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, hypertension, stroke and atrial fibrillation (all p < 0.05). GLP-1 RAs were also associated with a lower risk of acute kidney injury and allergic reactions. These protective effects were consistent across various subgroups and regions.
conclusionsIn this large observational study, GLP-1 RAs showed long-term protective effects on cardiovascular health, renal outcomes and adverse events in individuals with obesity and without T2D. Our findings suggest that GLP-1 RAs may offer a comprehensive approach to managing obesity and its related comorbidities, potentially improving overall health and survival in this population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39171569What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.