Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39169393›Full record

ArticleHarm reduction journal2024

A lot testing protocol for quality assurance of fentanyl test strips for harm reduction applications.

Hirudini Fernando, Anita Amate, Kathleen L Hayes, Heather D Whitehead, Charlie Desnoyers, Emmanuel Uzobuife, Madison S Denchfield, Braden Whitelatch, Marya Lieberman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Harm reduction journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Interpol review of forensic drug chemistry, 2022-2025.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hirudini FernandoDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-9823-7673
Anita AmateDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-7713-7272
Kathleen L HayesDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1217-0050
Heather D WhiteheadDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1817-604X
Charlie DesnoyersDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8285-0081
Emmanuel UzobuifeDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-6749-1495
Madison S DenchfieldDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-9715-9025
Braden WhitelatchDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-7206-4049
Marya LiebermanDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA. mlieberm@nd.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3968-8044

Funding

CDC HHS FCPH-RFA-OD2A-2023Remedy Alliance UND-LiebermanUniversity of Notre Dame Emerging Opportunities Fund, Blockchain Fund, Health Equity Data Lab in the Lucy Family Institute for Data & Society (HEDL 23-007).
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fentanyl test strips (FTS) are lateral flow immunoassays that were originally designed and validated for detecting low concentrations of fentanyl in urine. Some FTS are now being marketed for the harm reduction purpose of testing street drugs for the presence of fentanyl. This manuscript provides a simple protocol to assess whether different brands and lots of fentanyl test strips perform adequately for use in drug checking. The results gathered from this protocol will document problems with particular lots or brands of FTS, help buyers choose from among the array of products, provide feedback to manufacturers to improve their products, and serve as an early warning system for ineffective products.

Indexed as

FentanylHarm ReductionReagent StripsAnalgesics, OpioidHumansIllicit DrugsImmunoassayQuality Assurance, Health CareSubstance Abuse DetectionAnalgesics, OpioidFentanylIllicit DrugsReagent Strips

Identifiers

PMID39169393
PMCPMC11337861

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.