ArticleNature immunology2024
Mechanism for controlled assembly of transcriptional condensates by Aire.
Article in Nature immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Aire and Fezf2 Shape the Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cell Immunopeptidome for Central Tolerance.Immunology · 2026Review
- Systematic and proactive evaluation of AIRE missense variant effects.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- Nanoclustering of a plant transcription factor enables strong yet specific DNA binding.Science advances · 2026Article
- Multimerizing transcription factors FOXP3 and AIRE as chromatin architectural regulators.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- An SP110-SP100 axis is a critical regulator of promyelocytic leukaemia body dynamics and mitotic fidelity.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- AIRE transcriptional condensates in central tolerance: a multiscale mechanistic perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Systematic and proactive evaluation of AIRE missense variant effects.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Ultrastable and versatile multimeric ensembles of FoxP3 on microsatellites.Molecular cell · 2025Article
- Liquid condensates: a new barrier to loop extrusion?Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- High-resolution transcriptional impact of AIRE: effects of pathogenic variants p.Arg257Ter, p.Cys311Tyr, and polygenic risk variant p.Arg471Cys.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A balancing act in the control of self-antigen expression.Nature immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Transcriptional condensates play a crucial role in gene expression and regulation, yet their assembly mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report a multi-layered mechanism for condensate assembly by autoimmune regulator (Aire), an essential transcriptional regulator that orchestrates gene expression reprogramming for central T cell tolerance. Aire condensates assemble on enhancers, stimulating local transcriptional activities and connecting disparate inter-chromosomal loci. This functional condensate formation hinges upon the coordination between three Aire domains: polymerization domain caspase activation recruitment domain (CARD), histone-binding domain (first plant homeodomain (PHD1)), and C-terminal tail (CTT). Specifically, CTT binds coactivators CBP/p300, recruiting Aire to CBP/p300-rich enhancers and promoting CARD-mediated condensate assembly. Conversely, PHD1 binds to the ubiquitous histone mark H3K4me0, keeping Aire dispersed throughout the genome until Aire nucleates on enhancers. Our findings showed that the balance between PHD1-mediated suppression and CTT-mediated stimulation of Aire polymerization is crucial to form transcriptionally active condensates at target sites, providing new insights into controlled polymerization of transcriptional regulators.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.