Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39165660›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare2024

A systematic review of diabetic foot infections: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management strategies.

Sabyasachi Maity, Noah Leton, Narendra Nayak, Ameet Jha, Nikhilesh Anand, Kamala Thompson, Danielle Boothe, Alexandra Cromer, Yaliana Garcia, Aliyah Al-Islam and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Characterization of Microbial Profiles and Antimicrobial Resistance in Diabetic Foot Ulcers at a Tertiary Care Facility in Northern China.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sabyasachi Maity *Department of Physiology, Neuroscience, and Behavioral Sciences, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada.
Noah Leton *Department of Physiology, Neuroscience, and Behavioral Sciences, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, Grenada.
Narendra Nayak *Department of Microbiology, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Ameet JhaDepartment of Anatomy, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Nikhilesh AnandDepartment of Medical Education, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States.
Kamala ThompsonDepartment of Pathology, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Danielle BootheDepartment of Pathology, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Alexandra CromerDepartment of Pathology, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Yaliana GarciaDepartment of Pathology, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Aliyah Al-IslamDepartment of Pathology, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.
Samal NauhriaDepartment of Pathology, St. Matthews University School of Medicine, Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Diabetic foot infection represents a significant complication of diabetes mellitus, contributing substantially to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure worldwide. Accurate diagnosis relies on a comprehensive assessment integrating clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and microbiological analysis. Management necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing surgical intervention, antimicrobial therapy, and advanced wound care strategies. Preventive measures are paramount in reducing the incidence and severity, emphasizing patient education, regular foot screenings, and early intervention. Methods: The researchers performed a systematic review of literature using PUBMED MESH keywords. Additionally, the study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews at the Center for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York (CRD42021277788). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the microbial spectrum and antibiotic susceptibility patterns observed in diabetic foot infections. Results: The search through the databases finally identified 13 articles with 2545 patients from 2021 to 2023. Overall, the predominant Gram-positive microbial species isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus fecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Whereas the predominant Gram-negative included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Diabetic foot infections represent a complex and multifaceted clinical entity, necessitating a holistic approach to diagnosis, management, and prevention. Limited high-quality research data on outcomes and the effectiveness of guideline recommendations pose challenges in updating and refining existing DFI management guidelines. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021277788, identifier CRD42021277788.

Indexed as

antimicrobial resistancediabetic foot infectiongram negative (G -) bacteriagram positive (G +) bacteriapodiatry

Identifiers

PMID39165660
PMCPMC11333436

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.