Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39164764›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2024

Full maturation of in vitro Plasmodium falciparum oocysts using the AlgiMatrix 3D culture system.

Yaxian Zhou, Kiara Hatzakis, Zachary MacMillen, Mint Laohajaratsang, Alexis M Grieser, Leslie S Itsara, Julie Do, James W Davie, Anil K Ghosh, Marion Avril

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yaxian ZhouMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Kiara HatzakisMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Zachary MacMillenMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Mint LaohajaratsangMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Alexis M GrieserMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Leslie S ItsaraMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Julie DoMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
James W DavieMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Anil K Ghosh *MalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.
Marion AvrilMalarVx, Inc, 1551 Eastlake Ave N, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA. mavril@malarvx.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPlasmodium falciparum oocysts undergo growth and maturation in a unique setting within the mosquito midgut, firmly situated between the epithelium and the basal lamina. This location exposes them to specific nutrient exchange and metabolic processes while in direct contact with the mosquito haemolymph. The limited availability of in vitro culture systems for growth of the various P. falciparum mosquito stages hampers study of their biology and impedes progress in combatting malaria.

methodsAn artificial in vitro environment was established to mimic this distinctive setting, transitioning from a 2D culture system to a 3D model capable of generating fully mature oocysts that give rise to in vitro sporozoites.

resultsA two-dimensional (2D) chamber slide was employed along with an extracellular matrix composed of type IV collagen, entactin, and gamma laminin. This matrix facilitated development of the optimal medium composition for cultivating mature P. falciparum oocysts in vitro. However, the limitations of this 2D culture system in replicating the in vivo oocyst environment prompted a refinement of the approach by optimizing a three-dimensional (3D) alginate matrix culture system. This new system offered improved attachment, structural support, and nutrient exchange for the developing oocysts, leading to their maturation and the generation of sporozoites.

conclusionsThis technique enables the in vitro growth of P. falciparum oocysts and sporozoites.

Indexed as

OocystsPlasmodium falciparumAlginatesAnimalsCulture MediaAlginatesCulture Media3D matrixAlginate spongeOocystsOokinetesPlasmodiumSporozoites

Identifiers

PMID39164764
PMCPMC11334386

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.