ArticleLipids in health and disease2024
Association between remnant cholesterol and the risk of 4 site-specific cancers: evidence from a cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Remnant cholesterol inflammatory index for predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer: A multicenter external validation study.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Article
- Cholesterol as a metabolic integrator of oncogenic signaling, immune evasion, and therapy resistance.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Association between remnant cholesterol and colorectal cancer risk in Korea: a nationwide population-based study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Association of remnant cholesterol with cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Association between blood metal elements and lung cancer: a cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Association of the remnant cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundRecent studies have implicated remnant cholesterol (RC) in the etiology, progression, and prognosis of cancer. However, very few of them concentrated on the study of the precise relationship between serum RC levels and cancer risk, leaving this subject unexplored. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the association between serum RC levels and 4 site-specific cancers, employing a dual approach that combines observational and mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
methodsBased on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2020, this study collected data from18,067 participants. To rule out confounders, this study utilized weighted multivariable logistic regression and assessed non-linear associations using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression, followed by two-piecewise linear regression. Sensitivity analysis conducted in this study included subgroup analysis, multiple imputation, outlier removal, and propensity score matching. To strengthen causal inference, this study employed univariable and multivariable MR analysis. The robustness and reliability of the findings were estimated by the application of replication and meta-analysis.
resultsThe results of multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between serum RC levels and breast cancer, showing that individuals in the higher logRC category had a higher risk of breast cancer compared to those in the lower category (Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.01-2.88, P = 0.044). Weighted RCS revealed an inverted L-shape association between RC and the risk of breast cancer (P-nonlinear = 0.0386, P-overall = 0.010). Primary MR analysis provided evidence for an increased risk of breast (IVW: OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.12, P = 0.000951) and colorectal cancer (IVW: OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00-1.24, P = 0.0476) associated with RC. However, the results of replication and meta-analysis did not support a significant causal association of RC with the risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.95-1.13), lung cancer (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.88-1.03), colorectal cancer (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.92-1.19), and prostate cancer (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.95-1.08).
conclusionAlthough a non-linear relationship was observed in the cross-sectional study between remnant cholesterol levels and breast cancer risk, MR analyses failed to provide any causal evidence.
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