ArticleBMC public health2024
Multicentre case-control study of pneumococcal infections among children with pneumonia in Peninsular Malaysia (MY-Pneumo): a study protocol.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04923035 (Evaluating the Burden of Paediatric Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Malaysia Prior to and During Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluating the Burden of Paediatric Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Malaysia Prior to and During Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) Implementation
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Current status and prospects in diagnosis of major opportunistic fungal infections among HIV-positive population in south provinces of China and neighboring countries that are suffering high prevalence of AIDS.Biosafety and health · 2026Review
- Co-carriage of respiratory tract bacterial pathogens among under-5 children with pneumococcal carriage in Peninsular Malaysia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence of pneumococcal carriage and risk factors for pneumonia and carriage among under-5 children in Malaysia: findings from the MY-Pneumo study.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2025Article
- Risk Factors of Pneumonia Among Under-five Children Attending the Public Hospital of Hadiya Central Ethiopia 2024.SAGE open nursingArticle
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18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundS. pneumoniae (SPN) is the most common cause of pneumonia. The disease can be effectively prevented through immunisation. Since December 2020, the Malaysian Government has included the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) for all infants born on or after 1 January 2020 as part of the National Immunisation Programme (NIP). However, the epidemiology of pneumonia remains poorly understood. To fill the knowledge gap, we established a multicentre surveillance study to understand the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among young children in Peninsular Malaysia.
methodsMY-Pneumo is a multicentre prospective case-control study conducted in three sentinel sites located in three different states of Peninsular Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur, Pahang, and Kelantan. A cohort of at least 500 incident cases and 500 controls is enrolled beginning in October 2021 and matched for age. Cases are hospitalised children < 5 years with radiologically confirmed pneumonia, and the controls are children without any features suggestive of pneumonia. Clinical samples, including nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) and urine, are collected according to the study protocol. Biological fluids such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and pleural fluid are obtained from invasive pneumonia disease (IPD) patients, if available. All children are tested for SPN using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and pneumococcal urine antigen test (PUAT) using BinaxNow. DISCUSSION: Surveillance data, including carriage rate, serotype variations and the phylogeny data structure of SPN among young children in Malaysia during PCV implementation, will be generated from this study. Trends and patterns of pneumococcal serotypes by different regions are important for targeted public health strategies. Our data will provide baseline information for estimating the impact of PCV10 implementation and will influence policymakers' decisions regarding the upgrade from PCV10 to a higher-valency conjugate vaccine in Malaysia.
trial registrationThis project was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04923035) on 2021, June 11. The study protocol was approved by the International Medical University Joint-Committee on Research & Ethics (4.15/JCM-216/2021) and the Institutional Review Board at sentinel sites (USM/JEPeM/21020190, IREC 2021-114, MREC ID No: 2021128-9769) and University of Southampton's Ethics and Research Governance (ERGo II 64844).
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