ArticleNature immunology2024
CD4
Abstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Nature immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- T cell immunomonitoring: a comparative analysis of traditional and novel methods to quantify and characterize human antigen-specific T cells.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Targeting T follicular helper cells for lifelong health.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- The Role of CD4 T Cell Repertoire and Immune Memory Mechanisms in Vaccination and Infection Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- A unified network systems approach uncovers a core program underlying T follicular helper cell differentiation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Aberrant STAT signaling and T cell dysregulation define a targetable pediatric sepsis endotype.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Circulating T-follicular helper and type I regulatory T cells have overlapping phenotypes inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Intestinal resident effector-memory CD4 T cells on the adaptive-innate spectrum comprise IL-18 reactivity and adaptive CMV specificity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals pediatric immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- Comparison of CD4 T-Cell Response in Plasmodium falciparum and vivax Malaria.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Lymph Node-Targeted PLGA-EgG1Y162 Nanovaccine for Synergistic Immunity AgainstInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Multimodal analysis definesbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Establishing long-lasting vaccine immunity: insights from mRNA and adjuvanted protein platforms.NPJ vaccines · 2025Review
- Tfh2 and a subset of Tfh1 cells associate with antibody-mediated immunity to malaria.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Human CD4+ T cells recognize Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages amid broader responses.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Early lymph node T follicular helper cell signalling hub drives influenza vaccine response in an ancestrally diverse cohort.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Comparative assessment of physiochemical metrics for the clustering of adaptive immune receptor repertoires.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Divergent cytokine and transcriptional signatures control functional T follicular helper cell heterogeneity.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Maintenance of chronic neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis via interferon signaling and CD8 T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity.Research square · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Nicholas BorcherdingDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Wooseob KimDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9199-1000
Michael QuinnDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Fangjie HanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Julian Q ZhouDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-2092
Alexandria J SturtzDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Aaron J SchmitzDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Tingting LeiDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Stefan A SchattgenDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-5079
Michael K KlebertClinical Trials Unit, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Teresa SuessenMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
William D MiddletonMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Charles W GossDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Chang LiuDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Jeremy Chase CrawfordDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-6048
Paul G ThomasDepartment of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-0256
Sharlene A TeefeyMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Rachel M PrestiClinical Trials Unit, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Jane A O'HalloranDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
Jackson S TurnerDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-6265
Ali H EllebedyDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA. ellebedy@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-2532
Philip A MuddDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA. pmudd@wustl.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3860-5473
Funding
Washington University Center for Cellular ImagingP30CA091842 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI AIMEE S JAMES · 2001 to 2026
$128.0M COLLABORATIVE INFLUENZA VACCINE INNOVATION CENTER: UNIVERSAL INFLUENZA VACCINE RESEARCH75N93019C00051 · NIAID · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI KRAMMER, FLORIAN · 2019 to 2025
$105.4MWU INSTITUTE OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCESUL1TR002345 · NCATS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI William G. Powderly · 2017 to 2026
$97.8MDYNAMICS AND EVOLUTION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES TO INFLUENZA VIRUSESU01AI150747 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI AHMED, RAFI, ANTIA, RUSTOM NOSHIR · 2020 to 2024
$5.9MProgramming Durable Immune Responses To VaccinationU01AI141990 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Ali Hassan Ellebedy · 2019 to 2026
$5.3MUnraveling Human T Follicular Helper Cell DevelopmentR01AI173203 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Philip A Mudd · 2023 to 2026
$2.5MNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002345NCI NIH HHS P30 CA091842NIAID NIH HHS 75N93019C00051NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400006CNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400008CNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI173203NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI141990NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI150747U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (NCI) P30CA091842U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) UL1TR002345U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R01AI173203U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) U01AI141990U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) U01AI150747
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and mRNA vaccination induce robust CD4
Indexed as
BNT162 VaccineCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCOVID-19Lymph NodesSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAdultCOVID-19 VaccinesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedmRNA VaccinesPhenotypeVaccinationBNT162 VaccineCOVID-19 VaccinesmRNA VaccinesSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
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Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.