ArticleNPJ vaccines2024
A broad-spectrum vaccine candidate against H5 viruses bearing different sub-clade 2.3.4.4 HA genes.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatiotemporal distribution trends and driving factors of avian influenza in poultry in China.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Highly efficient intranasal H5N1 vaccine based on a safe vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vector.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Optimizing an avian influenza vaccine using a novel Bacterial Enzymatic Combinatorial Chemistry (BECC) TLR4 adjuvant.mSphere · 2026Article
- Evolving dynamics of H5Nx avian influenza in China revealed by long-term wild bird surveillance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A nanobody-based proteolysis-targeting chimera offers broad-spectrum protection against diverse influenza virus infections.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Protective Efficacy of a Hemagglutinin-Based mRNA Vaccine Against H5N1 Influenza Virus Challenge in Lactating Dairy Cows.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Computationally designed haemagglutinin with nanocage plug-and-display elicits pan-H5 influenza vaccine responses.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Dominant substitutions underlying the antigenic evolution of H5 influenza virus.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Electroporation and LNP-mediated delivery of plasmid DNA-encoded H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinin support protection against highly pathogenic avian influenza.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Intranasally administered whole virion inactivated vaccine against clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 influenza virus with optimized antigen and increased cross-protection.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Phylogenitc analysis and immunogenicity comparison of porcine genotype G9 rotavirus in China from 2020-2023.Virologica Sinica · 2025Article
- Detection and characterisation of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (H5N1/H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4b, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2021 to 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Pandemic preparedness of effective vaccines for the outbreak of newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.Virologica Sinica · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The global spread of H5 clade 2.3.4.4 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses threatens poultry and public health. The continuous circulation of these viruses has led to their considerable genetic and antigenic evolution, resulting in the formation of eight subclades (2.3.4.4a-h). Here, we examined the antigenic sites that determine the antigenic differences between two H5 vaccine strains, H5-Re8 (clade 2.3.4.4g) and H5-Re11 (clade 2.3.4.4h). Epitope mapping data revealed that all eight identified antigenic sites were located within two classical antigenic regions, with five sites in region A (positions 115, 120, 124, 126, and 140) and three in region B (positions 151, 156, and 185). Through antigenic cartography analysis of mutants with varying numbers of substitutions, we confirmed that a combination of mutations in these eight sites reverses the antigenicity of H5-Re11 to that of H5-Re8, and vice versa. More importantly, our analyses identified H5-Re11_Q115L/R120S/A156T (H5-Re11 + 3) as a promising candidate for a broad-spectrum vaccine, positioned centrally in the antigenic map, and offering potential universal protection against all variants within the clade 2.3.4.4. H5-Re11 + 3 serum has better cross-reactivity than sera generated with other 2.3.4.4 vaccines, and H5-Re11 + 3 vaccine provided 100% protection of chickens against antigenically drifted H5 viruses from various 2.3.4.4 antigenic groups. Our findings suggest that antigenic regions A and B are immunodominant in H5 viruses, and that antigenic cartography-guided vaccine design is a promising strategy for selecting a broad-spectrum vaccine.
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