SynthesisPLoS neglected tropical diseases2024
Knockdown resistance (kdr) associated organochlorine resistance in mosquito-borne diseases (Culex quinquefasciatus): Systematic study of reviews and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Attention to principles of training and exercise prescription in systematic reviews of exercise for functional performance in older adults: an umbrella review.Systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Repellent effects of insecticides against Aedes aegypti: a systematic review.Parasites & vectors · 2025Pooled it
- Immunology of vector-borne diseases: the role of immunopharmacology in controlling viral and parasitic infections.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Insecticide resistance and the role of target-site insensitivity mutations among malaria vectors in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of photobiomodulation on multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of randomized clinical trials.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Soda-baited RNAi yeast insecticides as effective Attractive Targeted Sugar Baits (ATSBs) for mosquito control.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Global epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of arboviruses: A systematic review of surveillance, control strategies, and emerging threats.Dialogues in health · 2026Review
- Molecular detection of the kdr T917I mutation in head lice (psocodea: pediculidae) from Malaysia and its increasing frequency over a decade.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2026Article
- Toxicity and behavioral impact of plant-derived zinc oxide nanoparticles and essential oil on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus.Tropical animal health and production · 2026Article
- The symbiotic Wolbachia in Anopheles and its role in reducing the transmission of Plasmodium: updates and prospects.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Genetic variations in three insecticide targets in the disease vectorFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Melanin biosynthesis and functional roles in insects: insights into immunological defense, physiological regulation, and environmental adaptation.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Prevalence and Identification of Livestock Tick by Sex Ratio and Host in Tehran Province.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in Culicidae mosquitoes from Hainan Island, China.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Application of remote sensing and geospatial technologies in predicting vector-borne disease outbreaks.Royal Society open science · 2025Review
- Gastric equine myiasis: prevalence, pathogenesis, molecular and serological implications.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025Review
- Innovative approaches to vector control: integrating genomic, biological, and chemical strategies.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Review
- Eco-friendly bioactives from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (L.) for targeted control of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus with reduced impact on Toxorhynchites splendens.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCulex quinquefasciatus is one of the most important carriers of human pathogens. Using the insecticides is one of the most important methods of combating this vector. But the genetic resistance created in Culex quinquefasciatus led to disruption in the fight against this pest. Consequently, it is necessary to know the level of resistance to fight this vector. Based on this, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of kdr resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus against organochlorine insecticides in the world.
methodsThis study was conducted by systematic review, and meta-analysis on the prevalence of kdr resistance and mortality rate in Culex quinquefasciatus against organochlorine insecticides in the world. All pertinent articles were extracted and analyzed in accordance with this information during an unrestricted search of the scientific databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, biooan.org, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar until the end of November 2023. Statistical analysis of data was done using fixed and random effects model in meta-analysis, I2 index, Cochran's test, and meta-regression by STATA version 17 software.
resultsSeventy articles were included in the meta-analysis process. Based on the findings, the prevalence of Kdr in Culex quinquefasciatus against organochlorine insecticide was estimated at 63.1%. Moreover, the mortality rate against the insecticide deltamethrin was 46%, DDT 18.5%, permethrin 42.6%, malathion 54.4% and lambdacyhalothrin 53%.
conclusionMore than half of Cx. quinquefasciatus had Kdr. This vector was relatively resistant to DDT and permethrin insecticides and sensitive to malathion, deltamethrin and lambdacyhalothrin. In order to prevent the development of resistance to alternative insecticides, it is consequently critical to combat this vector with efficacious insecticides.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.