Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39158804›Full record

ArticleClinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico2025

Clinical predictive factors of the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and kinase inhibitors in advanced hepatocellular cancer.

Yunyun Lu, Yi Lu

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Article in Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yunyun LuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-2095-389X
Yi LuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, 315048, Zhejiang, China. ybyb1980@zju.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive tumor associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and kinase inhibitors has emerged as a promising strategy for liver cancer treatment in recent years. However, the clinical factors predicting the outcomes of combination therapy in patients with advanced liver cancer remain uncertain. Therefore, this study investigated the relationships between clinical predictors and the efficacy of ICI plus kinase inhibitor therapy to personalize treatment plans.

methodsWe retrospectively enrolled 98 patients who received combination treatment with ICIs and kinase inhibitors for advanced HCC. Based on blood lipid levels and other clinical factors prior to treatment, we investigated potential biomarkers that could predict treatment responses in this patient population.

resultsMean progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in this cohort were 10.1 and 17.2 months, respectively. Via multivariate analysis, the absence of extrahepatic metastasis, the absence of portal vein thrombosis (PVT), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) < 3.225, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) < 140.75, and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) ≥ 37.25 were identified as independent predictors of improved PFS. Factors associated with better OS included PLR < 140.75 and total cholesterol (TC) < 3.46 mmol/L. Univariate analysis identified significant associations of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels, Child-Pugh classification, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), TC, and the receipt of regorafenib with PFS. Additionally, ECOG PS, Child-Pugh classification, AFP, PVT, NLR, PNI, and the receipt of regorafenib were significantly associated with OS.

conclusionsPLR and TC were potential clinical predictive factors for survival outcomes in patients with advanced HCC who received ICI/kinase inhibitor combination therapy. It is important to know the clinical characteristics of patients prior to treatment initiation to optimize outcomes.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarcinoma, HepatocellularImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLiver NeoplasmsProtein Kinase InhibitorsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkers, TumorFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProgression-Free SurvivalRetrospective StudiesBiomarkers, TumorImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsProtein Kinase InhibitorsHepatocellular carcinomaImmune checkpoint inhibitorKinase inhibitorPlatelet-to-lymphocyte ratioTotal cholesterol

Identifiers

PMID39158804
PMCPMC11913906

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.