Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39158600›Full record

ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2026

Long-term exposure to air pollution and the risks of venous thromboembolism: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.

Donna Shu-Han Lin, Hao-Yun Lo, Kuan-Chih Huang, Ting-Tse Lin, Jen-Kuang Lee, Lian-Yu Lin

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Donna Shu-Han LinDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-6513
Hao-Yun LoDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Kuan-Chih HuangDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ting-Tse LinDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Jen-Kuang LeeDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. b85401104@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-484X
Lian-Yu LinDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Funding

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan 108-2221-E-002-163-National Taiwan University Hospital 107-EDN11
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo delineate the effects of exposure to air pollution on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).

backgroundThe association between air pollution and arterial occlusive diseases has been well reported in the literature. VTE is the third most common acute cardiovascular syndrome; however, its relationship with exposure to air pollution has been controversial.

methodsThis study linked data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database with that from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration. Patients who were first admitted for VTE between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2013, were analyzed. A time-stratified, case-crossover design was employed. Three different exposure periods were defined: exposure for 1 month, one quarter, and 1 year. Four control periods were designated for each exposure period. The association between exposure to air pollutants and the risk of VTE was tested using logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analyses were also performed, stratified by age, sex, type of VTE, the use of hormone therapy, and level of urbanization at the site of residence.

resultsExposures to particulate matter (PM) smaller than 2.5 µm (PM

conclusionsExposure to PM, particularly PM

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAir PollutionEnvironmental ExposureParticulate MatterVenous ThromboembolismAdultAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsAir PollutantsParticulate MatterAir pollutionAmbient particulate matterPM2.5Venous thromboembolism

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.