ArticleACS pharmacology & translational science2024
Mass Spectrometry Imaging Reveals Region-Specific Lipid Alterations in the Mouse Brain in Response to Efavirenz Treatment.
Article in ACS pharmacology & translational science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Isomer-Resolved Mass Spectrometry Imaging Reveals Regional and Age-Dependent Glycolipid Metabolism in Rat Brain.ACS central science · 2026Article
- Article
- Comparison of Efavirenz and Dolutegravir on Gut Microbiome and Gut Barrier Functions.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Lower Sphingomyelin SM 42:1 Plasma Level in Coronary Artery Disease-Preliminary Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- In Vitro Antioxidant, Antithrombotic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Amphiphilic Bioactives Extracted from Avocado and Its By-Products.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Efavirenz (EFV) is a commonly used drug to treat human immunodeficiency virus infection and is known to exert adverse effects on the brain. Although it is known that EFV is associated with abnormal plasma lipid levels, the changes in the spatial localization of individual lipid molecules in brain tissue following EFV treatment are yet to be explored. In this study, we employed a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging approach to determine region-specific lipid alterations in mouse brains following EFV treatment. We detected unique spatial localization patterns of phosphatidylcholine (PC), sphingomyelin (SM), ceramide phosphoinositol (PI-Cer), and hexosylceramide (HexCer) molecules in the mouse brain. Interestingly, PC(32:0), PC(38:5), and SM(36:1;O2) showed high abundance in the hippocampus region, whereas PI-Cer(38:8) exhibited low abundance in the hippocampus region of the EFV-treated mouse brains. Additionally, we observed low abundance of PC(38:6), PC(40:6), and PI-Cer(40:3) in the thalamus region of the EFV-treated mouse brains. Furthermore, SM(40:1;O2), SM(42:2;O2), SM(42:1;O2), SM(43:2;O2), and SM(43:1;O2) exhibited their accumulation in the corpus callosum region of the EFV-treated mouse brains as compared to controls. However, HexCer(42:1;O3) exhibited depletion in the corpus callosum region in response to EFV treatment. To characterize the expression patterns of proteins, including lipid metabolizing enzymes, in response to EFV treatment, mass spectrometry-based proteomics was utilized. From these, the expression levels of 12 brain proteins were found to be significantly decreased following EFV treatment. Taken together, these multiomics data provide important insights into the effects of EFV on brain lipid metabolism.
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