ArticleImmunity2024
BCG vaccination alters the epigenetic landscape of progenitor cells in human bone marrow to influence innate immune responses.
Article in Immunity, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of combination versus single-agent immunotherapy for BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Immune mechanisms mediating the heterologous effects of BCG vaccination: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Route of BCG administration determines success.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects human peripheral hematopoietic multipotent progenitors and promotes their myeloid differentiation in vitro.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- MPOInt: An Epigenetics-Driven Workflow for Integrative Multi-Level Proteomics.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Does Tuberculosis Leave a Thromboinflammatory Memory After Cure? A Narrative Review with a Conceptual Framework on Hypercoagulability, Cellular Reservoirs, and Extracellular Vesicle Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Trained immunity modulators: A new frontier in immunoregulation and disease intervention.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Vaccination and the Immune-Brain Axis: Implications for Neuroprotection and Neurodegenerative Disease.Vaccines · 2026Review
- InactivatedVaccines · 2026Article
- Distinctive DNA sequence features define epigenetic longevity of inflammatory memory.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Trained immunity: new paradigm in the immunological memory of cardiovascular disease.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Epigenetic inflammatory memory and periodontal disease: Mechanisms and clinical significance for comorbidities.Journal of periodontology · 2026Review
- Dysregulated Bone Marrow Contributes to Glomerular Injury through Soluble Factors.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2026Article
- Rare epigenetic alterations are conserved across hematopoietic differentiation stages after mycobacterial infection.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Trained immunity and related memory responses in lung health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Interactions between Innate Immune Memory and the Central Nervous System.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of Trained Immunity from 2005 to 2024.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although the Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is used to prevent tuberculosis, it also offers protection against a diverse range of non-mycobacterial infections. However, the underlying protective mechanisms in humans are not yet fully understood. Here, we surveyed at single-cell resolution the gene expression and chromatin landscape of human bone marrow, aspirated before and 90 days after BCG vaccination or placebo. We showed that BCG alters both the gene expression and epigenetic profiles of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Changes in gene expression occurred primarily within uncommitted stem cells. By contrast, changes in chromatin accessibility were most prevalent within differentiated progenitor cells at sites influenced by Kruppel-like factor (KLF) and early growth response (EGR) transcription factors and were highly correlated (r > 0.8) with the interleukin (IL)-1β secretion capacity of paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our findings shed light on BCG vaccination's profound and lasting effects on HSPCs and its influence on innate immune responses and trained immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.