Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39150827›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2024

Societal Costs of Dementia: 204 Countries, 2000-2019.

Amy Lastuka, Elye Bliss, Michael R Breshock, Vincent C Iannucci, William Sogge, Kayla V Taylor, Paola Pedroza, Joseph L Dieleman

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  18. Scam susceptibility is associated with a markedly accelerated onset of Alzheimer's disease dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Amy LastukaInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Elye BlissInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Michael R BreshockInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Vincent C IannucciInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
William SoggeInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Kayla V TaylorInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Paola PedrozaInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Joseph L DielemanInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Dementia prevalence is expected to increase as populations grow and age. Therefore, additional resources will be needed to meet the global demand for care for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Objective: Estimate global and country-level health care spending attributable to ADRD and the cost of informal care for people living with ADRD. Methods: We gathered data from three systematic literature reviews and the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. We used spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression to impute estimates for the many countries without underlying data. We projected future costs to 2050 based on past trends in costs, diagnosis rates, and institutionalization rate. Results: We estimated that in 2019, the direct health care spending attributable to ADRD across 204 countries reached $260.6 billion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 131.6-420.4) and the cost of informal ADRD care was $354.1 billion (95% UI 190.0-544.1). On average, informal care represents 57% (95% UI 38-75%) of the total cost of care. We estimated that direct health care spending attributable to ADRD will reach $1.6 trillion (95% UI 0.6-3.3) in 2050, or 9.4% (95% UI 3.9-19.6%) of projected health spending worldwide. We estimated the cost of informal care will reach $0.9 trillion (95% UI 0.3-1.7) in 2050. Conclusions: These cost estimates underscore the magnitude of resources needed to ensure sufficient resources for people living with ADRD and highlight the role that informal care plays in provision of their care. Incorporating informal care cost estimates is critical to capture the social cost of ADRD.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessDementiaHealth Care CostsAlzheimer DiseaseGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthHealth ExpendituresHumansAlzheimer’s diseasedementiahealth care costsinformal care

Identifiers

PMID39150827
PMCPMC11380273

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.