SynthesisPharmacoEconomics - open2024
A Systematic Review of the Impact of Spinal Cord Injury on Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life.
Synthesis in PharmacoEconomics - open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Therapeutic local hypothermia in the management of acute spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Spinal cord · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of robot-assisted gait training on physical activity outcomes in people with spinal cord injury: A systematic review.Clinical rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation for lower limb rehabilitation in spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical Practice Guideline: The Diagnosis and Treatment of AcuteSpinal Cord Injury.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Guideline
- Feasibility and Sensitivity of Wearable Sensors for Daily Activity Monitoring in Spinal Cord Injury Trials.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2025Trial
- Forecasting the physical medicine and rehabilitation workforce through 2037: National and geographic disparities in supply and demand.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Fixed Dose Combination of Inosine Monophosphate, Agmatine Sulphate, and L-Carnosine (CGXNW) as Add-on Therapy for the Management of Spinal Cord Injury - A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2026Article
- Changes in demographic and neurological characteristics in patients of a tertiary spinal cord injury centre with acquired traumatic or non-traumatic spinal cord injury/disease over a 25-year period. Implications for bladder management.Spinal cord series and cases · 2026Article
- Emerging Regenerative Medicine for Spinal Cord Injury: Spinal Cord Organoids-on-a-Chip.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Clinical trial landscape of cell therapy for spinal cord injury: from integrated practices to future developments.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Anterior Versus Posterior Stabilization of Subaxial Cervical Spine Fracture-Dislocations, Dislocations and Subluxations: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Neurological and Radiological Outcomes.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- The Role of Interleukin-18 After Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Cells · 2026Review
- Cost-effectiveness of (sub)acute rehabilitation services for spinal cord injury: a retrospective cohort analysis.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2026Article
- Article
- Phase-dependent efficacy of intravenous amniotic mesenchymal stem cells in a rat spinal cord injury model.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Challenges.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Promotes Spinal Cord Injury Recovery by Regulating Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Biases in the measurement of health-related quality of life in the EQ-5D-5L among those with serious physical traumatic injuries: the ADVANCE cohort study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Decoding lower-limb movement attempts from electro-encephalographic signals in spinal cord injury patients.APL bioengineering · 2026Article
- Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Quality of Life Domains in Spinal Cord Injury.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo systematically review the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) burden and costs of spinal cord injury (SCI) on health services, patients and wider society.
methodsA systematic review guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement was conducted in March 2021 through Scopus, PubMed and Embase databases. Inclusion criteria were quantitative studies on SCI reporting healthcare costs, social costs and/or HRQoL measured with the Euroqol EQ-5D or Short-Form 36. Risk of bias was assessed using the QualSyst tool. Descriptive analyses, random-effects direct meta-analysis and random-effects meta-regression were conducted.
resultsA total of 67 studies were eligible for inclusion. SCI individuals tend to report higher HRQoL in mental than physical dimensions of the Short-Form 36. Neurological level of SCI negatively affects HRQoL. Cross-sectional studies find employment is associated with better HRQoL, but the effect is not observed in longitudinal studies. The estimated lifetime expenditure per individual with SCI ranged from US$0.7 million to US$2.5 million, with greater costs associated with earlier age at injury, neurological level, United States of America healthcare setting and the inclusion of non-healthcare items in the study.
conclusionsSCI is associated with low HRQoL on mobility and physical dimensions. Mental health scores tend to be greater than physical scores, and most dimensions of HRQoL appear to improve over time, at least over the first year. SCI is associated with high costs which vary by country. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: This review was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021235801).
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.