Status of photovoltaic water pumping systems in Iran: A comprehensive review.

This study investigates the current status of photovoltaic water pumping systems (PVWPSs) in Iran, a country endowed with significant solar irradiation potential, notably in its southern and central regions. Despite this potential, there is a scarcity of comprehensive studies on solar water pumping systems within the country. This purpose of this study is to conduct a thorough review of the existing literature to assess the state of solar water pumping in Iran. The adoption of PVWPS across various provinces demonstrates the system's versatility, proving effective in both highly sunny and less irradiated regions. Iran's widespread utilization of PVWPS is attributed to its ample irradiations, even in its northern areas, which possess lower solar irradiance levels. There are limited comprehensive studies encompassing technical, economic, environmental, and social aspects of solar PV water pumping projects in Iran. Most of the research has been conducted during the last few years, indicating an increased recognition of the possible advantages of this technology. Finally, this review provides valuable insights for researchers and farmers, showcasing the benefits of solar PVWPS. It sets the stage for further innovation and implementation in the country's agricultural landscape, emphasizing the need for continued exploration and adoption of this sustainable approach.