Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39143595›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Sociodemographic inequalities in breast cancer screening attendance in Germany following the implementation of an Organized Screening Program: Scoping Review.

Núria Pedrós Barnils, Victoria Härtling, Himal Singh, Benjamin Schüz

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Social inequalities in cancer in Germany: a call to action.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Global Burden, Trends, and Inequalities of Gallbladder and Biliary Tract Cancer, 1990-2021: A Decomposition and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Núria Pedrós BarnilsInstitute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. nupedros@uni-bremen.de.ORCID 0000-0002-6687-3600
Victoria HärtlingInstitute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
Himal SinghInstitute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
Benjamin SchüzInstitute for Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOrganized breast cancer screening (BCS) programs are effective measures among women aged 50-69 for preventing the sixth cause of death in Germany. Although the implementation of the national screening program started in 2005, participation rates have not yet reached EU standards. It is unclear which and how sociodemographic factors are related to BCS attendance. This scoping review aims to identify sociodemographic inequalities in BCS attendance among 50-69-year-old women following the implementation of the Organized Screening Program in Germany.

methodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, we searched the Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL following the PCC (Population, Concept and Context) criteria. We included primary studies with a quantitative study design and reviews examining BCS attendance among women aged 50-69 with data from 2005 onwards in Germany. Harvest plots depicting effect size direction for the different identified sociodemographic inequalities and last two years or less BCS attendance and lifetime BCS attendance were developed.

resultsWe screened 476 titles and abstracts and 33 full texts. In total, 27 records were analysed, 14 were national reports, and 13 peer-reviewed articles. Eight sociodemographic variables were identified and summarised in harvest plots: age, education, income, migration status, type of district, employment status, partnership cohabitation and health insurance. Older women with lower incomes and migration backgrounds who live in rural areas and lack private insurance respond more favourably to BCS invitations. However, from a lifetime perspective, these associations only hold for migration background, are reversed for income and urban residency, and are complemented by partner cohabitation. Finally, women living in the former East German states of Saxony, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia, as well as in the former West German state of Lower Saxony, showed higher BCS attendance rates in the last two years.

conclusionHigh-quality research is needed to identify women at higher risk of not attending BCS in Germany to address the existing research's high heterogeneity, particularly since the overall attendance rate still falls below European standards. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: https://osf.io/x79tq/ .

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsEarly Detection of CancerSocioeconomic FactorsAgedFemaleGermanyHealthcare DisparitiesHumansMiddle AgedSociodemographic FactorsBreast cancer screeningGermanyHealth inequalitiesOrganized screening programScoping review

Identifiers

PMID39143595
PMCPMC11323608

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.