SynthesisBMC cancer2024
Systemic conversion therapies for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of salvage surgery for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after conversion with triple therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from Chinese patients.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- A bibliometric and visual analysis based on immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma: 2014 - 2024.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Sintilimab (PD-1 inhibitor) plus lenvatinib as conversion therapy followed by sequential surgery (SILENSES) for advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase II, expansion trial.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Trial
- TACE plus lenvatinib and envafolimab for conversion therapy in unresectable HCC: a prospective pilot study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Review
- Additive value of oncological resectability criteria for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure in hepatocellular carcinoma.Updates in surgery · 2026Article
- Sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs as a potential approach for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus: a prospective study.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Oncological Outcomes and Treatment Strategies for Borderline Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on the Oncological Resectability Classification.Liver cancer · 2026Article
- Hepatitis B virus infection and outcomes of TACE plus lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a real-world propensity score-matched study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Bevacizumab plus iparomlimab/tuvonralimab with hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy followed by stereotactic body radiotherapy in patients with BCLC stage C hepatocellular carcinoma with thrombus and/or extrahepatic oligometastases (BITS-TO-HCC): study protocol of a prospective, single-center, single-arm, phase II study.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Article
- From anatomical to biological resectability: navigating adaptive resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma conversion.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Artificial intelligence-based prognostic modeling of immunoradiotherapy in Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage C hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Survival impact of conversion therapy for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B and C hepatocellular carcinoma-a propensity score matching analysis.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2025Article
- Predicting tumor micronecrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma using pretreatment contrast-enhanced CT radiomics model: a multi-center study.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Automated Literature Screening for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment Through Integration of 3 Large Language Models: Methodological Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Article
- Long-term survival in advanced unresectable HCC treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors.The oncologist · 2025Article
- A Novel Quadruple Conversion Therapy: Converting Initially Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Resectable with pTAE-HAIC, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors, and Anti-PD-1 Antibodies.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
- Exploring a new direction in targeted cancer therapy through hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with biomedical engineering techniques.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Conversion study of hepatocellular carcinoma using HAIC combined with lenvatinib and PD-1/L1 immunotherapy under the guidance of BCLC staging.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSystemic conversion therapy provides patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) the chance to salvage radical liver resection and superior survival outcomes, but the optimal conversion strategy is unclear.
methodsA systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library between 2007 and 2024 focusing on studies reporting conversion therapy for HCC. The treatment groups were divided into Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), TKI plus loco-regional therapy (LRT), TKI plus anti-PD-1 therapy (TKI + PD-1), TKI + PD-1 + LRT, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) plus LRT, and Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (A + T) groups. The conversion to surgery rate (CSR), objective response rate (ORR), grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse events (AEs), overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed.
results38 studies and 4,042 patients were included. The pooled CSR were 8% (95% CI, 5-12%) in TKI group, 13% (95% CI, 8-19%) in TKI + LRT group, 28% (95% CI, 19-37%) in TKI + PD-1 group, 33% (95% CI, 25-41%) in TKI + PD-1 + LRT group, 23% (95% CI, 1-46%) in ICI + LRT group, and 5% (95% CI, 3-8%) in A + T group, respectively. The pooled HR for OS (0.45, 95% CI, 0.35-0.60) and PFS (0.49, 95% CI, 0.35-0.70) favored survival benefit of conversion surgery. Subgroup analysis revealed that lenvatinib + PD-1 + LRT conferred higher CSR of 35% (95% CI, 26-44%) and increased ORR of 70% (95% CI, 56-83%).
conclusionsThe current study indicates that TKI + PD-1 + LRT, especially lenvatinib + PD-1 + LRT, may be the superior conversion therapy with a manageable safety profile for patients with initially unresectable HCC. The successful conversion therapy favors the superior OS and PFS compared with systemic treatment alone.
trial registrationInternational prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) (registration code: CRD 42024495289).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.