Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39143133›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Continuous manipulation of electromagnetic radiation based on ultrathin flexible frequency coding metasurface.

Min Jia, Chao Zhao, Zhouhao Tang, Ziliang Jin, Ningtao Zhang, Xiaofeng Han

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Min JiaSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China. jiamin@hit.edu.cn.
Chao ZhaoSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
Zhouhao TangSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
Ziliang JinSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
Ningtao ZhangSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
Xiaofeng HanSchool of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFB2900500National Natural Science Foundation of China 62231012Natural Science Foundation for Outstanding Young Scholars of Heilongjiang Province YQ2020F001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The physical characteristics of electromagnetic waves are combined with digital information in coding metasurfaces. Coding metasurfaces enable precise control of beams by flexibly designing coding sequences. However, achieving continuous multivariate modulation of electromagnetic waves on passive flexible coded metasurfaces remains a challenge. Previous passive coding metasurfaces have a fixed phase difference between adjacent coding units throughout the operating frequency band, and when the coding pattern is defined, the coded metasurface can only achieve a single electromagnetic function. Our proposed frequency coding metasurface units vary linearly in phase difference over the operating frequency band with different phase sensitivities. Frequency coding metarsurfaces enable a wide range of tunable and versatile electromagnetic energy radiation, without introducing any active devices and changing the coding pattern. As a demonstration of the concept, we have shown theoretically and numerically that frequency coding metasurface can achieve successive transformations of electromagnetic functions, including multi-beam generation, anomalous deflection and diffuse scattering. In addition, beam sweeping function is achieved by means of spatially non-periodically distributed frequency coding metasurface. When the frequency of the incident wave is changed, the deflection angle of the beam is also changed. In addition to the tunability of properties, research on coding metasurfaces has tended to be limited to rigid materials. Flexible coding metasurfaces have potential applications in microwave antennas, radar and aircraft. The passive flexible frequency coding metasurfaces provide a novel approach to manipulating electromagnetic waves with increased design flexibility. This promises applications in microwave antennas, radar, aircraft, and satellite communications.

Indexed as

Beam controlContinuous manipulationFlexible metasurfaceFrequency coding metasurface

Identifiers

PMID39143133
PMCPMC11325028

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.