Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39140724›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2024

Lyme Arthritis: A 50-Year Journey.

Allen C Steere

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Why are the ticks winning, and what can we do about it?Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Prevalence and Risk Factors ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Antibiotics for Rheumatologic Diseases: A Critical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Allen C SteereCenter for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.ORCID 0000-0002-5268-9853

Funding

Cellular and humoral immunity in Lyme arthritisR01AI144365 · NIAID · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI STEERE, ALLEN C · 2019 to 2023
$2.9M
ARTHFNEshe FundG. Harold and Leila Y. Mathers FoundationLyme Disease and Arthritis Research Fund at Massachusetts General HospitalNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R01-144365)NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI144365NIH HHSRheumatology Research Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lyme arthritis (LA) was recognized as a separate entity in 1975 because of geographic clustering of children often diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in Lyme, Connecticut. After identification of erythema migrans as a common early feature of the illness, a prospective study of such patients implicated Ixodes scapularis ticks in disease transmission. In 1982, the causative agent, now called Borrelia burgdorferi, was cultured from these ticks and from Lyme disease patients. Subsequently, it was shown that LA could usually be treated successfully with oral antibiotics but sometimes required intravenous antibiotics. Yet, a small percentage of patients developed a dysregulated, proinflammatory immune response leading to persistent postinfectious synovitis with vascular damage, cytotoxic and autoimmune responses, and fibroblast proliferation, a lesion similar to that of rheumatoid arthritis. The message from postinfectious LA for other autoimmune arthritides is that a complex immune response with autoimmune features can begin with a microbial infection.

Indexed as

Lyme DiseaseAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBorrelia burgdorferiHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansIxodesAnti-Bacterial AgentsautoimmunityBorrelia burgdorferiLyme arthritisLyme diseasepostinfectious Lyme arthritis

Identifiers

PMID39140724
PMCPMC11322885

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.