ArticleNature communications2024
A pH-sensitive motif in an outer membrane protein activates bacterial membrane vesicle production.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Role of bacterial outer membrane vesicles in immune evasion during infection.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Residues Ser83, Arg85, Tyr88, Asn124, and Lys192 of C-Terminal Lipid-Associated Membrane Hemagglutinin AffectMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Structure-activity of outer membrane proteins in native bacterial membrane vesicles by solid-state NMR.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Biofilm-Binding Phages Enhance Biofilm Eradication by Synergistic Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- New insights into outer membrane vesicles in Gram-negative bacteria from biogenesis to applications.Communications biology · 2026Review
- Nuclear magnetic resonance of membrane proteins-Advances and opportunities.Current opinion in structural biology · 2026Review
- Yersinia enterocolitica O:3 Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Platform for Complement Activation.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Standardizing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Purification: A Call for Consensus.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Modification of Silver-Loaded Biodegradable Polymer Nanoparticles with Bacterial Membrane Vesicles for Treating Intracellular Bacterial Infections.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Heat stress induces phage tolerance ineLife · 2025Article
- In situ NMR reveals a pH sensor motif in an outer membrane protein that drives bacterial vesicle production.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Engineered Outer Membrane Vesicles for Antigen Delivery: Exploratory Study on Adjuvant Activity and Systemic Reactogenicity.Vaccines · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) produced by Gram-negative bacteria have key roles in cell envelope homeostasis, secretion, interbacterial communication, and pathogenesis. The facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium increases OMV production inside the acidic vacuoles of host cells by changing expression of its outer membrane proteins and modifying the composition of lipid A. However, the molecular mechanisms that translate pH changes into OMV production are not completely understood. Here, we show that the outer membrane protein PagC promotes OMV production through pH-dependent interactions between its extracellular loops and surrounding lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Structural comparisons and mutational studies indicate that a pH-responsive amino acid motif in PagC extracellular loops, containing PagC-specific histidine residues, is crucial for OMV formation. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that protonation of histidine residues leads to changes in the structure and flexibility of PagC extracellular loops and their interactions with the surrounding LPS, altering membrane curvature. Consistent with that hypothesis, mimicking acidic pH by mutating those histidine residues to lysine increases OMV production. Thus, our findings reveal a mechanism for sensing and responding to environmental pH and for control of membrane dynamics by outer membrane proteins.
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