ArticleInternational dental journal2025
Phase Transformation and Mechanical Behaviour of Different Heat-Treated Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments.
Article in International dental journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Evaluation of the cyclic fatigue resistance of four specialist nickel-titanium files for primary teeth under simulated body temperature.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparison of cyclic fatigue properties of four nickel-titanium single-file systems in curved artificial canals.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- A Safety Limit of the Number of Artificial Canals That Can Be Prepared by Two Rotary Endodontic Files Operated at Two Different Speeds: A Novel Approach.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparison of mechanical properties and shaping performance of ProGlider and ProTaper ultimate slider.BMC oral health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThis study evaluated the phase composition, phase transformation behaviour, and mechanical properties of five heat-treated NiTi instruments.
methodsProTaper NEXT (M-wire, PTN), ProTaper Gold (Gold-wire, PTG), One Curve (C-wire, OC), EdgeTaper Platinum (Fire-wire, ETP), NeoNiTi (electrical discharge machining-wire, NNA), and ProTaper Universal (conventional wire, PTU, control) with #25-tip size were tested (n = 12/group) for cyclic fatigue resistance (number of cycles to failure; NCF) and torsional resistance (angle of rotation to fracture and maximum torque at fracture [ultimate torsional strength]). The geometry and fracture surfaces of the tested instruments were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The phase transformation temperature and phase composition of the instruments were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. Data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test, with the significance level set at 5%.
resultsPTG showed the highest NCF (P < .05) at 37°C, while ETP exhibited the highest angle of rotation to fracture, ultimate torsional strength, and stiffness (P < .05). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated typical clusters of fatigue striations and numerous cracks after cyclic fatigue fracture, whereas there was a concentric abrasion pattern with a dimple and microvoids at the centre after torsional fracture. In differential scanning calorimetry curves, austenite-finishing temperatures of heat-treated instruments were higher than 37°C, whereas that of PTU was lower than 37°C. PTU showed strong peaks of austenite at 25 and 37°C, whereas ETP showed a strong peak of R-phase at 25°C, but mostly austenite phase at 37°C in X-ray diffraction.
conclusionsGeometry, alloy type, and phase transformation temperatures of NiTi instruments affected their mechanical behaviour. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: PTG showed the highest NCF, suitable for markedly curved canals. ETP had the highest torsional resistance, appropriate for narrow and constricted canals.
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