ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2024
CAR-T and CAR-NK as cellular cancer immunotherapy for solid tumors.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 252 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
252 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Collagenase-mediated extracellular matrix targeting for enhanced drug penetration and therapeutic efficacy in nanoscale delivery systems for cancer therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the last two decades of NK cell-based clinical trials: state of the art of AML therapy.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Pathway dysregulation and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets.Future science OA · 2026Review
- Review
- Harnessing Natural Killer Cells: From Neuroimmunology to Novel Therapies for Central Nervous System Diseases.MedComm · 2026Review
- Advanced gene editing technologies for oncology mechanisms, applications, and clinical implementation.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Review
- Next-generation CAR-T cell therapy against cancer: precision engineering, programmable immunity, and emerging clinical frontiers.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Review
- IL-15 boosts mesothelin- and CD70-CAR NK cell potency in PDAC without added benefit from dual targeting.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Emerging frontiers in adoptive cell therapies: engineering innovations, current challenges, and manufacturing perspectives.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Supramolecular immunomodulatory hydrogelator potentiates CAR-T therapy with long-lasting endogenous immunity toward solid tumor eradication.Science advances · 2026Article
- Nicotinamide mononucleotide potentiates the anti-tumor efficacy of CAR-NK cell therapy targeting MSLN in ovarian cancer.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Article
- Harnessing macrophage signaling pathways and scalable engineering for next-generation immunotherapies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- CAR T cell therapy beyond cancer: current status, challenges and future prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting GRP75 by natural compound polyphyllin II triggers mitochondrial calcium overload and pyroptosis to potentiate cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- IL-15 and IL-21 synergy improves anti-tumor efficacy of iPSC-derived cytotoxic T cells in solid tumors.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Delivering the future of immunotherapy: A state-of-the-art review of gene editing in immune cells with lipid nanoparticles.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Harnessing immunity against breast cancer: from checkpoints to cell therapies.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Dual compartment lipid carriers hijack exocytosis to empower natural killer cells against solid tumours.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Multifunctional-engineered NK cells overcome tumor immunosuppression by combining PD-L1 and HLA-E targeting and endogenous IL15 production.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Mechanobiology of CAR-T cell therapy: regulatory mechanisms and strategies for enhanced antitumor immunity.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
192 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In the past decade, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic approach for combating cancers, demonstrating remarkable efficacy in relapsed/refractory hematological malignancies in both pediatric and adult patients. CAR-natural killer (CAR-NK) cell complements CAR-T cell therapy by offering several distinct advantages. CAR-NK cells do not require HLA compatibility and exhibit low safety concerns. Moreover, CAR-NK cells are conducive to "off-the-shelf" therapeutics, providing significant logistic advantages over CAR-T cells. Both CAR-T and CAR-NK cells have shown consistent and promising results in hematological malignancies. However, their efficacy against solid tumors remains limited due to various obstacles including limited tumor trafficking and infiltration, as well as an immuno-suppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the recent advances and current challenges of CAR-T and CAR-NK cell immunotherapies, with a specific focus on the obstacles to their application in solid tumors. We also analyze in depth the advantages and drawbacks of CAR-NK cells compared to CAR-T cells and highlight CAR-NK CAR optimization. Finally, we explore future perspectives of these adoptive immunotherapies, highlighting the increasing contribution of cutting-edge biotechnological tools in shaping the next generation of cellular immunotherapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.