Observational studyAnnals of internal medicine2024
Differentiation of Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Postacute Sequelae by Standard Clinical Laboratory Measurements in the RECOVER Cohort.
Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph
Observational study in Annals of internal medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05172024 (NIH RECOVER), which is not on this map. Cited by 40 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
NIH RECOVER: A Multi-site Observational Study of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations of Pre-Pandemic CKD With Acute and Post-Acute COVID-19: The C4R Study.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2026Article
- Multi-organ structural and functional deficits in association with long COVID: a population-based case-control study.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Item comprehension and content coverage of patient-reported outcome measures for long COVID: a qualitative study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Mental and Physical Health Predictors of Return-to-Work Outcomes among Individuals with Long COVID Symptoms.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Task-Evoked Pupillary Dynamics Are Altered in Post-COVID Syndrome.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Differences in SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Persistence in Individuals With Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases Compared to the General Population: A RECOVER-Adult Cohort Study.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Distinct plasma proteome signature at 3 months post-COVID-19 infection irrespective of post-COVID condition.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clues to Long COVID Linked to Virulence and Infectivity Found in Shell Proteins.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicle Protein and MiRNA Signatures as Biomarkers for Post-Infectious ME/CFS Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) Index and a Recent Long COVID Criteria in Korean Long COVID-19 Cohort.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- The 2024 NASEM Long COVID Definition as a Starting Point for Research.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular burden of long coronavirus disease: Clinical challenges and emerging biomarkers.World journal of cardiology · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity is associated with elevated hemoglobin A1c.Laboratory medicine · 2026Article
- Microstructural alterations in brain tissue of ME/CFS and long COVID using diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Patients Initially Suspected of Long COVID: A Case Series From a Specialized Outpatient Clinic.Journal of general and family medicine · 2026Article
- Sex and age are associated with host immune responses and multi-organ dysfunction in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Intestinal permeability correlated with chronic fatigue in a patient with long COVID-A case report and overview of the literature.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Persistent Low-Grade Inflammation and Post-COVID Condition: Evidence from the ORCHESTRA Cohort.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Penalized regression with negative-unlabeled data: an approach to developing a Long COVID research index.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- Long COVID is associated with female sex; Anti-NCAM1 autoantibodies are absent in patients with long COVID.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
60 authors.
Kristine M ErlandsonDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado (K.M.E.).ORCID 0000-0003-0808-6729
Linda N GengDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California (L.N.G., M.G., U.S.).ORCID 0000-0002-9891-5705
Caitlin A SelvaggiMassachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston, Massachusetts (C.A.S., T.T., A.S.F.).
Tanayott ThaweethaiMassachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston, Massachusetts (C.A.S., T.T., A.S.F.).ORCID 0000-0003-0613-4176
Peter ChenDepartment of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and Women's Guild Lung Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York (P.C.).ORCID 0000-0002-5330-1718
Nathan B ErdmannDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (N.B.E., P.A.G.).
Jason D GoldmanSwedish Center for Research and Innovation, Providence Swedish Medical Center, and Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.D.G.).ORCID 0000-0002-3825-6832
Timothy J HenrichDivision of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (T.J.H.).
Mady HornigCORe Community Inc., and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York (M.H.).ORCID 0000-0001-7572-3092
Elizabeth W KarlsonDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.W.K.).ORCID 0000-0001-5455-7443
Stuart D KatzDepartment of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (S.D.K.).ORCID 0000-0003-2340-2021
C KimRECOVER Initiative, New York, New York (C.K., R.L.).ORCID 0000-0002-3881-1592
Sushma K CribbsDepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, and Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia (S.K.C.).ORCID 0000-0001-6248-474X
Adeyinka O LaiyemoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC (A.O.L.).ORCID 0000-0001-9699-4879
Rebecca LettsRECOVER Initiative, New York, New York (C.K., R.L.).ORCID 0009-0009-4747-7918
Janet Y LinDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (J.Y.L.).ORCID 0000-0002-4347-5060
Jai MaratheDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts (J.M.).ORCID 0000-0002-6084-7145
Sairam ParthasarathyDepartment of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (S.P.).
Thomas F PattersonDepartment of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (T.F.P., B.S.T.).ORCID 0000-0002-9513-7127
Brittany D TaylorRECOVER Initiative, New York, New York, and American Heart Association, Health Strategies, Atlanta, Georgia (B.D.T.).ORCID 0009-0009-4037-5708
Elizabeth R DuffyBoston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (E.R.D.).ORCID 0000-0002-8953-6308
Monika HaackDepartment of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (M.H.).ORCID 0000-0001-6214-4294
Boris JulgRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts (B.J.).ORCID 0000-0002-4687-9626
Gabrielle MarangaDepartment of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York (G.M.).ORCID 0000-0001-7180-9358
Carla HernandezDepartments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (C.H.).
Nora G SingerDepartments of Pediatrics and Medicine and Division of Rheumatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (N.G.S.).ORCID 0000-0001-7041-723X
Jenny HanDepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, and Grady Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia (J.H.).
Priscilla PemuDepartment of Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (P.P.).
Hassan BrimDepartment of Pathology, Howard University, Washington, DC (H.B.).
Hassan AshktorabDepartment of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC (H.A.).ORCID 0000-0002-4048-4666
Alexander W CharneyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York (A.W.C., J.W., J.L.).
Juan WisniveskyIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York (A.W.C., J.W., J.L.).
Jenny J LinIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York (A.W.C., J.W., J.L.).ORCID 0000-0001-7104-8480
Helen Y ChuDivision of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (H.Y.C.).ORCID 0000-0001-8502-9600
Minjoung GoDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California (L.N.G., M.G., U.S.).ORCID 0000-0002-6865-5308
Upinder SinghDepartment of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California (L.N.G., M.G., U.S.).ORCID 0000-0003-0630-0306
Emily B LevitanDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (E.B.L.).ORCID 0000-0002-5429-3852
Paul A GoepfertDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama (N.B.E., P.A.G.).ORCID 0000-0001-8441-5737
Janko Ž NikolichDepartment of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, and Arizona Center on Aging, Tucson, Arizona (J.ŽN.).
Harvey HsuBanner University Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona (H.H.).ORCID 0009-0004-0671-4626
Michael J PelusoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (M.J.P., J.D.K.).
J Daniel KellyDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (M.J.P., J.D.K.).ORCID 0000-0002-7616-0321
Megumi J OkumuraDepartments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (M.O.).
Valerie J FlahermanDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California (V.J.F.).
John G QuigleyDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (J.G.Q.).ORCID 0000-0003-3116-4545
Jerry A KrishnanDepartment of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (J.A.K.).ORCID 0000-0001-5525-4778
Mary Beth ScholandDepartment of Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (M.B.S., R.H.).ORCID 0000-0001-6513-8893
Rachel HessDepartment of Medicine, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (M.B.S., R.H.).ORCID 0000-0003-2545-8504
Torri D MetzDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.D.M.).
Maged M CostantineDivision of Maternal Fetal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (M.M.C.).ORCID 0000-0003-4076-469X
Dwight J RouseDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (D.J.R.).
Barbara S TaylorDepartment of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (T.F.P., B.S.T.).ORCID 0000-0003-2471-9629
Mark P GoldbergDepartment of Neurology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (M.P.G.).ORCID 0000-0003-3534-6979
Gailen D MarshallDepartment of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi (G.D.M.).
Jeremy WoodThe Gill Heart and Vascular Institute and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (J.W.).ORCID 0000-0001-5487-852X
David WarrenDepartment of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (D.W.).ORCID 0000-0003-0539-2587
Leora HorwitzDepartment of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, and Center for Healthcare Innovation and Delivery Science, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York (L.H.).ORCID 0000-0003-1800-6040
Andrea S FoulkesMassachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston, Massachusetts (C.A.S., T.T., A.S.F.).ORCID 0000-0002-9520-0501
Grace A McComseyDepartments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (G.A.M.).ORCID 0000-0003-2690-8888
RECOVER-Adult Cohort
Funding
ACTIV Integration of Host-targeting Therapies for COVID-19 Administrative Coordinating CenterOT2HL156812 · NHLBI · RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE · PI NOLEN, TRACY L, THOMAS, SONIA M · 2020 to 2024
$1270.7MOTA-21-015A Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Initiative: NYU Langone Health Clinical Science Core, Data Resource Core, and PASC Biorepository CoreOT2HL161847 · NHLBI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI GROSS, RACHEL SHARON, HORWITZ, LEORA · 2021 to 2025
$651.0MInteractive Data Portals and Robust Analytic Tools to Wrap PASC Cohorts (iDRAW) OTA-21-015AOT2HL161841 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI FOULKES, ANDREA S, KARLSON, ELIZABETH W · 2021 to 2024
$182.2MClinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Northern Ohio, Catalyzing Linkages to Equity in Health (CLE Health)UM1TR004528 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI GRACE A MCCOMSEY · 2023 to 2026
$32.1MCTSA UM1 Program at University of UtahUM1TR004409 · NCATS · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI RACHEL HESS, Jennifer Juhl Majersik · 2023 to 2026
$21.9MMyosin Light Chain Dephosphorylation by PPP1R12C Promotes Atrial Hypocontractility and Atrial FibrillationR01HL151508 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI MCCAULEY, MARK D · 2020 to 2024
$3.2MMentoring Multidisciplinary Patient-Oriented Research in Viral HepatitisK24AA022523 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KHALILI, MANDANA · 2013 to 2023
$1.9MStatistical Methods in COVID-19/PASC Clinical ResearchR01HL162373 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Andrea S Foulkes · 2023 to 2026
$1.7MNCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004409NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004528NHLBI NIH HHS OT2 HL156812NHLBI NIH HHS OT2 HL161841NHLBI NIH HHS OT2 HL161847NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL151508NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL162373NIAAA NIH HHS K24 AA022523
Abstract
backgroundThere are currently no validated clinical biomarkers of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC).
objectiveTo investigate clinical laboratory markers of SARS-CoV-2 and PASC.
designPropensity score-weighted linear regression models were fitted to evaluate differences in mean laboratory measures by prior infection and PASC index (≥12 vs. 0). (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05172024).
setting83 enrolling sites.
participantsRECOVER-Adult cohort participants with or without SARS-CoV-2 infection with a study visit and laboratory measures 6 months after the index date (or at enrollment if >6 months after the index date). Participants were excluded if the 6-month visit occurred within 30 days of reinfection. MEASUREMENTS: Participants completed questionnaires and standard clinical laboratory tests.
resultsAmong 10 094 participants, 8746 had prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, 1348 were uninfected, 1880 had a PASC index of 12 or higher, and 3351 had a PASC index of zero. After propensity score adjustment, participants with prior infection had a lower mean platelet count (265.9 × 10 LIMITATION: Whether differences in laboratory markers represent consequences of or risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection could not be determined.
conclusionOverall, no evidence was found that any of the 25 routine clinical laboratory values assessed in this study could serve as a clinically useful biomarker of PASC. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Institutes of Health.
Indexed as
BiomarkersCOVID-19Post-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeSARS-CoV-2AdultAgedCohort StudiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreBiomarkersGlycated Hemoglobin
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Registered trials
NCT05172024ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.