ArticleJournal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)2024
Adult rat ultrasonic vocalizations and reward: Effects of propranolol and repeated cocaine administration.
Article in Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundMechanisms underlying psychostimulant euphoria remain poorly understood. In adult rats, positive emotional states are associated with alterations in 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs): specifically, "trill" calls are promoted over "flat" calls. Here, we investigated the effects of acute and repeated cocaine administration, and-based on previous findings with amphetamine-their possible dependence on beta-adrenergic receptors.
methodsAdult male Long-Evans rats received intraperitoneal drug or saline injections before daily USV recording. Fourteen 50-kHz call subtypes were analyzed. In Experiments 1 and 2, cocaine (1-10 mg/kg) and propranolol (10 mg/kg) were tested alone. In Experiment 3, propranolol/cocaine interactions were sought within a conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure. Experiment 4 investigated acute and chronic cocaine effects (Phase 1), and propranolol/cocaine interactions either in an open field (Phase 2) or within a CPP procedure (Phase 3).
resultsIn drug-naïve animals, cocaine increased the 50-kHz call rate, with sensitization developing rapidly. After more extended exposure, cocaine now also increased the relative prevalence of trill versus flat calls; effects on other subtypes were also revealed. The beta-blocker propranolol prevented neither cocaine CPP nor cocaine effects on USV emission or locomotion but exerted significant USV-related effects when given alone. CPP magnitude and USV-related measures were uncorrelated.
conclusionsWith long-term intraperitoneal administration, cocaine can alter the relative prevalence of several 50-kHz call subtypes; its ability to promote trill versus flat calls, in particular, is consistent with a positive affect interpretation. Cocaine's behavioral effects (i.e., USV-related, locomotor, CPP) appear independent of beta-adrenergic receptor activity.
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