Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39126762›Full record

ArticleEarly human development2024

Circadian rhythm development in preterm infants. The role of postnatal versus postmenstrual age.

R B Govindan, Nickie N Andescavage, Sudeepta Basu, Jonathan Murnick, Julius Ngwa, Jeffrey T Galla, Kushal Kapse, Catherine Limperopoulos, Adre du Plessis

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Early human development, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The developing relationship between circadian rhythm and heart rate variability in premature infants.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

R B GovindanThe Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; The Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. Electronic address: rgovinda@childrensnational.org.
Nickie N AndescavageDepartment of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; Division of Neonatology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Sudeepta BasuDepartment of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; Division of Neonatology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Jonathan MurnickDivision of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Julius NgwaThe Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Jeffrey T GallaThe Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Kushal KapseThe Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Catherine LimperopoulosThe Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
Adre du PlessisThe Zickler Family Prenatal Pediatrics Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; The Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Neurology School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.

Funding

Impaired Brain Development in a Premature Ex-utero EnvironmentR01HD099393 · NICHD · CHILDREN'S RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI DU PLESSIS, ADRE JACQUES, LIMPEROPOULOS, CATHERINE · 2020 to 2024
$3.4M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD099393
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND,

aimsCircadian rhythm maturation may be disturbed in premature infants undergoing neonatal intensive care. We used continuous heart rate recordings across the entire neonatal intensive care period to study circadian rhythm development in preterm infants and to evaluate the roles of postmenstrual (PMA) versus postnatal age (PNA). MATERIALS AND

methodsThe circadian rhythm was calculated using a cosine fit of heart rate. The circadian rhythm amplitudes were averaged weekly and studied relative to PMA and PNA using the linear mixed effects models, adjusting for clinical variables that could affect the heart rate. The daily circadian rhythms were used to create grand averages for PMA groups: ≤31, 32-35, and > 35 weeks, and for PNA groups: ≤30, 31-60, and > 60 days.

resultsSixty-six infants were evaluated as part of an ongoing prospective study with gestational ages between 23 and 36 weeks. The PMA (1.47 × 10

conclusionsOur results indicate circadian rhythm matures with advancing gestation. The reversed circadian rhythm phase during the early postnatal period could be due to premature exposure to the ex-utero environment and warrant further study.

Indexed as

Circadian RhythmHeart RateInfant, PrematureFemaleGestational AgeHumansInfant, NewbornMaleProspective Studies

Identifiers

PMID39126762
PMCPMC11344654

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.