ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Serum Cytokines in Patients with Lupus Nephritis after COVID-19.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bariatric surgery and subsequent weight loss lead to a reversal of peripheral blood monocytosis in obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Integrated immune profiling identifies a coordinated T-cell activation and inflammatory signature in SLE.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Expert collaborative evidence-based consensus for childhood lupus nephritis diagnosis and treatment: unifying clinical approach in Saudi Arabia.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2026Article
- Exercise and CD8Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Lupus Nephritis During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Implications Before, During, and After.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Markers of Antiviral Response in SLE Patients After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have an increased risk of infections and infection-related mortality. Therefore, during the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, SLE patients were particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infections. Also, compared to other patients, SLE patients seem to develop more severe manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with higher rates of hospitalization, invasive ventilation requirements, or death. This study evaluated the immune parameters after SARS-CoV-2 infection in SLE patients. We analyzed subpopulations of peripheral blood cells collected from patients with renal manifestation of SLE (lupus nephritis, LN). LN patients were divided into two subgroups: those unexposed to SARS-CoV-2 (LN CoV-2(-)) and those who had confirmed COVID-19 (LN-CoV-2(+)) six months earlier. We analyzed basic subpopulations of T cells, B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), and serum cytokines using flow cytometry. All collected data were compared to a healthy control group without SARS-CoV-2 infection in medical history. LN patients were characterized by a decreased percentage of helper T (Th) cells and an increased percentage of cytotoxic T (Tc) cells regardless of SARS-CoV-2 infection. LN CoV-2(+) patients had a higher percentage of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and plasmablasts (PBs) and a lower percentage of non-switched memory (NSM) B cells compared to LN CoV-2(-) patients or healthy controls (HC CoV-2(-)). LN patients had a higher percentage of total monocytes compared with HC CoV-2(-). LN CoV-2(+) patients had a higher percentage of classical and intermediate monocytes than LN CoV-2(-) patients and HC CoV-2(-). LN CoV-2(+) patients had higher serum IL-6 levels than HC CoV-2(-), while LN CoV-2(-) patients had higher levels of serum IL-10. LN patients are characterized by disturbances in the blood's basic immunological parameters. However, SARS-CoV-2 infection influences B-cell and monocyte compartments.
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