Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39124702›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2024

Diagnosis of Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Strengths and Challenges in the Genomic Era.

Conor J O'Donovan, Lay Teng Tan, Mohd A Z Abidin, Marion R Roderick, Alexandros Grammatikos, Jolanta Bernatoniene

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. How I Treat: Chronic granulomatous disease.Journal of human immunity · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
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  4. Review
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  6. Review
  7. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Conor J O'DonovanDepartment of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1845-2182
Lay Teng TanDepartment of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9325-0081
Mohd A Z AbidinDepartment of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK.
Marion R RoderickDepartment of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK.
Alexandros GrammatikosDepartment of Immunology, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6544-8218
Jolanta BernatonieneDepartment of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8BJ, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a group of rare primary inborn errors of immunity characterised by a defect in the phagocyte respiratory burst, which leads to severe and life-threatening infective and inflammatory complications. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the genetic and molecular pathophysiology of X-linked and autosomal recessive CGD, and growth in the availability of functional and genetic testing, there remain significant barriers to early and accurate diagnosis. In the current review, we provide an up-to-date summary of CGD pathophysiology, underpinning current methods of diagnostic testing for CGD and closely related disorders. We present an overview of the benefits of early diagnosis and when to suspect and test for CGD. We discuss current and historical methods for functional testing of NADPH oxidase activity, as well as assays for measuring protein expression of NADPH oxidase subunits. Lastly, we focus on genetic and genomic methods employed to diagnose CGD, including gene-targeted panels, comprehensive genomic testing and ancillary methods. Throughout, we highlight general limitations of testing, and caveats specific to interpretation of results in the context of CGD and related disorders, and provide an outlook for newborn screening and the future.

Indexed as

chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)dihydrorhodamine (DHR)genetic testinggenomic testinginborn errors of immunity (IEI)NADPH oxidasenitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)screening

Identifiers

PMID39124702
PMCPMC11313294

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.