ArticleCell reports. Medicine2024
A glia-enriched stem cell 3D model of the human brain mimics the glial-immune neurodegenerative phenotypes of multiple sclerosis.
Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Mapping the Cerebral Organoid Landscape: A Systematic Review of Preclinical 3D Models in Neuroscience.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Pooled it
- From Pluripotency to Precision: A Comprehensive Review of hPSCs/iPSCs Models in Neuroscience Research.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Pooled it
- Markers and Enrichment Strategies for Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Current Evidence, Limitations and Future Directions.Neuromolecular medicine · 2026Review
- A human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived spheroid model to investigate myelin injury and repair.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Immunoids: Building immunocompetent organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.Cell stem cell · 2026Review
- Human Stem Cell-Derived Models of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimmune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Organoids as brain tumour models: bridging the translational gap.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Review
- The C-terminal region of TENT5 proteins drives ER-associated mRNA polyadenylation via FNDC3 interaction.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Human Myelin Spheres for in Vitro Oligodendrocyte Maturation, Myelination and Neurological Disease Modeling.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Article
- Microglia-associated progression of multiple sclerosis: target identification and therapeutic engagement in human in vitro models.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Oligodendrocyte: Development, Plasticity, Biological Functions, Diseases, and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Advances in the pathophysiological study of brain development: application of cerebral organoid combined with Spatial omics technology.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- [XVII Post-ECTRIMS Meeting: Review of the New Developments Presented at the 2024 ECTRIMS Congress (II)].Revista de neurologia · 2026Review
- Dual-Targeting miR-219 and miR-146a in Multiple Sclerosis: Bridging Myelin Repair and Neuroinflammation for Novel Therapeutic Insights.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Modulation of the immunological and neuroinflammatory microenvironment in older people with multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Engineering 3D neural models of neurodegeneration: the Neural Microenvironment Design Code (NMDC), design principles, and emerging new approach methodologies.NAM journal · 2026Review
- Special characteristics of human astrocytes and their roles in brain homeostasis.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Organoid-microglia system for modeling the immune microenvironment of the brain and retina.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advanced Cellular Models for Neurodegenerative Diseases and PFAS-Related Environmental Risks.NeuroSci · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The role of central nervous system (CNS) glia in sustaining self-autonomous inflammation and driving clinical progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is gaining scientific interest. We applied a single transcription factor (SOX10)-based protocol to accelerate oligodendrocyte differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived neural precursor cells, generating self-organizing forebrain organoids. These organoids include neurons, astrocytes, oligodendroglia, and hiPSC-derived microglia to achieve immunocompetence. Over 8 weeks, organoids reproducibly generated mature CNS cell types, exhibiting single-cell transcriptional profiles similar to the adult human brain. Exposed to inflamed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with MS, organoids properly mimic macroglia-microglia neurodegenerative phenotypes and intercellular communication seen in chronic active MS. Oligodendrocyte vulnerability emerged by day 6 post-MS-CSF exposure, with nearly 50% reduction. Temporally resolved organoid data support and expand on the role of soluble CSF mediators in sustaining downstream events leading to oligodendrocyte death and inflammatory neurodegeneration. Such findings support the implementation of this organoid model for drug screening to halt inflammatory neurodegeneration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.