Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39121078›Full record

ArticlePloS one2024

Understanding cervical cancer awareness in hard-to-reach areas of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study involving women and household decisionmakers.

Naheed Nazrul, Marlieke de Fouw, Jogchum J Beltman, Janine de Zeeuw, Jurjen van der Schans, Jaap Koot, Kazi Golam Rasul, Mosamat Umma Kulsum, Md Shahnur Ahmed, Anika Rahman and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Naheed NazrulHealth Sector, Friendship NGO, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-3906-3490
Marlieke de FouwDepartment of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4488-4886
Jogchum J BeltmanDepartment of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Janine de ZeeuwDepartment of Health Sciences, Global Health Unit, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Jurjen van der SchansDepartment of Health Sciences, Global Health Unit, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Jaap KootDepartment of Health Sciences, Global Health Unit, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6933-0302
Kazi Golam RasulHealth Sector, Friendship NGO, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mosamat Umma KulsumHealth Sector, Friendship NGO, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md Shahnur AhmedHealth Sector, Friendship NGO, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Anika RahmanHealth System and Population Studies Division, icddr, b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID 0009-0003-4899-6206
Aminur RahmanHealth System and Population Studies Division, icddr, b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Kazi Maruful IslamDepartment of Development Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ashrafun NessaDepartment of Gynecological Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Christine CampbellUsher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Jelle StekelenburgDepartment of Health Sciences, Global Health Unit, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2732-6620

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn Bangladesh, the uptake of cervical cancer screening is low. Lack of knowledge and understanding of symptoms and risk factors contributes to low screening uptake. The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms and to measure the association with socio-demographic characteristics among women and household decisionmakers living in hard-to-reach areas of Bangladesh.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in five districts in Bangladesh among women aged between 30 and 60 years, their husbands, and their mothers-in-law from April to September 2022. Data were collected using a modified version of the validated AWACAN questionnaire tool. The significance level was considered at p-value <0.05 and odds ratios with 95% confidence.

resultsNearly 50% of participating women in hard-to-reach areas of Bangladesh and their family decisionmakers had low levels of knowledge of the risk factors and symptoms of cervical cancer. Only 20% of respondents in our survey knew about HPV, the most important risk factor for developing cervical cancer. Most respondents were familiar with the terminology of cervical cancer as a disease; however, approximately 40% of respondents did not know that not adhering to cervical cancer screening could be seen as a risk factor. Women do not make decisions about participation in cervical cancer screening on their own. Knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms among decisionmakers was significantly associated with higher education and higher household monthly expenditure.

conclusionWomen, their husbands, and mothers-in-law in hard-to-reach areas of Bangladesh had limited knowledge about cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms. Engaging these key decision-makers in targeted health education is vital to improve screening uptake. Conduction of future research to identify and address screening barriers is also essential for effective prevention efforts.

Indexed as

Early Detection of CancerHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdultBangladeshCross-Sectional StudiesDecision MakingFamily CharacteristicsFemaleHumansMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID39121078
PMCPMC11315347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.