ArticleAndrology2025
Phenotypic continuum and poor intracytoplasmic sperm injection intracytoplasmic sperm injection prognosis in patients harboring HENMT1 variants.
Article in Andrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biallelic variants in TBC1D8 are potentially associated with male infertility due to non-obstructive azoospermia or cryptozoospermia.Asian journal of andrology · 2026Article
- HENMT1: an RNA methyltransferase in biology and disease.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2026Review
- Phenotypic continuum and poor intracytoplasmic sperm injection intracytoplasmic sperm injection prognosis in patients harboring HENMT1 variants.Andrology · 2025Article
- Article
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18 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSmall RNAs interacting with PIWI (piRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating transposable elements and translation during spermatogenesis and are essential in male germ cell development. Disruptions in the piRNA pathway typically lead to severe spermatogenic defects and thus male infertility. The HENMT1 gene is a key player in piRNAs primary biogenesis and dysfunction of HENMT1 protein in meiotic and haploid germ cells resulted in the loss of piRNA methylation, piRNA instability, and TE de-repression. Henmt1-knockout mice exhibit a severe oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia (OAT) phenotype, whereas patients with HENMT1 variants display more severe azoospermia phenotypes, ranging from meiotic arrest to hypospermatogenesis. Through whole-exome sequencing (WES) of infertile patient cohorts, we identified two new patients with variants in the HENMT1 gene presenting spermatozoa in their ejcaulate, providing us the opportunity to study spermatozoa from these patients.
objectivesInvestigate the spermatozoa of two patients harboring an HENMT1 variant to determine whether or not these scarce spermatozoa could be used with assisted reproductive technologies. MATERIALS AND
methodsHENMT1 variants identified by WES were validated through Sanger sequencing. Comprehensive semen analysis was conducted, and sperm cells were subjected to transmission electron microscopy for structural examination, in situ hybridization for aneuploidy assessment, and aniline blue staining for DNA compaction status. Subsequently, we assessed their suitability for in vitro fertilization using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI).
resultsOur investigations revealed a severe OAT phenotype similar to knockout mice, revealing altered sperm concentration, mobility, morphology, aneuploidy and nuclear compaction defects. Multiple IVF-ICSI attempts were also performed, but no live births were achieved. DISCUSSION: We confirm the crucial role of HENMT1 in spermatogenesis and highlight a phenotypic continuum associated with HENMT1 variants. Unfortunately, the clinical outcome of these genetic predispositions remains unfavorable, regardless of the patient's phenotype.
conclusionThe presence of spermatozoa is insufficient to anticipate ICSI pregnancy success in HENMT1 patients.
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