Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39117428›Full record

SynthesisThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2025

Effectiveness of safety-netting approaches for acutely ill children: a network meta-analysis.

Ruben Burvenich, David Ag Bos, Lien Lowie, Kiyano Peeters, Jaan Toelen, Laure Wynants, Jan Y Verbakel

Abstract readSystematic ReviewNetwork Meta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Acutely ill children, safety netting, and NHS printers.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Article
  3. Safety netting in primary care: managing the low incidence, high uncertainty of severe illness.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ruben BurvenichLeuven Unit for Health Technology Assessment Research (LUHTAR), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven; Academic Centre for General Practice, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-1977-6071
David Ag BosLeuven Unit for Health Technology Assessment Research (LUHTAR), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven; Academic Centre for General Practice, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-1065-0934
Lien LowieFaculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-7660-5626
Kiyano PeetersOrdina, Sopra Steria, Diegem, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-5613-2972
Jaan ToelenWoman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-9339-5408
Laure WynantsLUHTAR, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-3037-122X
Jan Y VerbakelLeuven Unit for Health Technology Assessment Research (LUHTAR), Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven; Academic Centre for General Practice, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-7166-7211

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSafety-netting advice (SNA) can help in the management of acutely ill children.

aimTo assess the effectiveness of different SNA methods on antibiotic prescription and consumption in acutely ill children. DESIGN AND

settingSystematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, cluster randomised trials, non-randomised studies of interventions, and controlled before-after studies in ambulatory care in high-income countries.

methodMEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched (22 January 2024). Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed with Cochrane's RoB 2 tool, the Revised Cochrane Tool for Cluster-Randomised Trials, and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions tool. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis approach. Sensitivity analyses and network meta-regression were performed.

resultsIn total, 30 studies (20 interventions) were included. Compared with usual care, paper SNA may reduce: antibiotic prescribing (odds ratio [OR] 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53 to 0.82,

conclusionPaper SNA (with oral SNA) may reduce antibiotic use and return visits. Video, oral, and online SNA may improve parental knowledge, whereas video SNA and web-based modules may increase parental satisfaction.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsPractice Patterns, Physicians'Acute DiseaseChildHumansAnti-Bacterial Agentsantibiotic resistancechildcommunicable diseasesgeneral practicenetwork meta-analysisprimary health care

Identifiers

PMID39117428
PMCPMC11694319

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.