ArticlePloS one2024
Mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events after glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist initiation in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and type 2 diabetes: A population-based study.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Semaglutide for primary prevention of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid rheumatoid arthritis: a target-trial emulation.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2026Article
- Beyond weight loss: toward an immunometabolic treatment paradigm in psoriatic arthritis.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Article
- GLP-1-based therapy and ICD-10-documented heart failure or respiratory failure events in non-diabetic adults with rheumatoid arthritis and obesity: a TriNetX federated cohort study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Cardioprotective mechanisms and effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Current and Future Treatments for Takayasu Arteritis: Toward Cardiovascular Risk Modification.Circulation · 2026Review
- Insulin Resistance in Systemic Sclerosis: Decoding Its Association with Severe Clinical Phenotype.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based case-control study.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory bowel disease: focus on lipids and visceral adipose tissue.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular involvement in ankylosing spondylitis and axial spondyloarthritis: epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical management.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Comparative Cardiovascular Safety of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Versus Colchicine Use When Initiating Urate-Lowering Therapy Among Patients With Gout: Target Trial Emulations.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular Events in Adults with Obesity and Autoimmune Disease: A Target Trial Emulation.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists: emerging therapeutic potential in psoriasis management - current evidence and future outlook.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analog use is associated with reduced thromboembolic events compared with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A global retrospective cohort study.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in arthritis: current insights and future directions.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Perspectives.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- Global research trends on DPP-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Rheumatology.Missouri medicineReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) and type 2 diabetes newly initiating glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4is).
methodsWe performed a population-based cohort study using administrative health data from British Columbia. Patients with an IMID (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic disease, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, or a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease) and type 2 diabetes who newly initiated a GLP-1-RA or DPP-4i between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2021 were identified using ICD-9/10 codes. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included MACE and its components (i.e., cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke). Cox proportional hazard regressions were used with propensity score overlap weighting. The analysis was repeated in age- and sex-matched adults without IMIDs.
resultsWe identified 10,855 adults with IMIDs and type 2 diabetes who newly initiated a GLP-1-RA or DPP-4i. All-cause mortality rate was lower among initiators of GLP-1-RAs compared to initiators of DPP-4is, with a weighted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.48 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31-0.75) and rate difference (RD) of -9.4 (95% CI, -16.0 to -2.7) per 1000 person-years. Rate of MACE was also lower with GLP-1-RA exposure (HR 0.66 [0.50-0.88], RD -10.5 [-20.4 to -0.8]). Effect sizes were similar in adults without IMIDs.
conclusionIn patients with IMIDs and type 2 diabetes, GLP-1-RA exposure is associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and MACE compared to a cardioneutral active comparator.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.