Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39111387›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials2024

Addressing cost barriers to healthy eating with Eat Well, a prescription produce subsidy, for patients with diabetes and at risk for food insecurity: Study protocol for a type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation pragmatic randomized controlled trial.

Connor Drake, Isa Granados, Abigail Rader, Amanda Brucker, Sam Hoeffler, Benjamin A Goldstein, Ceci Chamorro, Fred Johnson, Eugenia McPeek Hinz, Armando D Bedoya and 4 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial Protocol
In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05896644 (An Evaluation of Eat Well, a Produce Benefit, for Patients With Diabetes and At-risk for Food Insecurity), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05896644 nacompletednot on this map

An Evaluation of Eat Well, a Produce Benefit, for Patients With Diabetes and At-risk for Food Insecurity

TypeinterventionalSponsorDuke UniversityRan2023 to 2026Enrolled2,177ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Food InsecurityArmsEat Well
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Nutrition and Culinary Education in Food Is Medicine Interventions: A Scoping Review.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2026
    Article
  2. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Connor DrakeDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 411 West Chapel Hill St, Durham, NC 27701, USA. Electronic address: Connor.drake@duke.edu.
Isa GranadosDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 411 West Chapel Hill St, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Duke Center for Childhood Obesity Research, Duke University School of Medicine, 3116 N. Duke Street, Room 1028, Durham, NC 27704, USA.
Abigail RaderDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
Amanda BruckerDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center 2424 Erwin Road, Suite 1102 Hock Plaza Box 2721, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
Sam HoefflerReinvestment Partners, 110 E Geer St, Durham, North Carolina 27701, United States of America.
Benjamin A GoldsteinDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 215 Morris St, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center 2424 Erwin Road, Suite 1102 Hock Plaza Box 2721, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
Ceci ChamorroDuke Office of Clinical Research, Duke University School of Medicine, 2200 West Main Street, Durham, NC 27705, United States of America.
Fred JohnsonDuke Population Health Management Office, Duke University Health System, 3100 Tower Blvd Suite 1100, Durham, NC 27707, United States of America; Division of Community Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC 2914, Durham, NC, 27710, United States of America.
Eugenia McPeek HinzDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
Armando D BedoyaDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America; Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center 2424 Erwin Road, Suite 1102 Hock Plaza Box 2721, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
Jashalynn C GermanDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
Jillian HauserDivision of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, 40 Duke Medicine Circle, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
Connie ThackerDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America.
Susan E SprattDuke Population Health Management Office, Duke University Health System, 3100 Tower Blvd Suite 1100, Durham, NC 27707, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States of America; Division of Community Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC 2914, Durham, NC, 27710, United States of America.

Funding

Duke CTSA (Composite)UL1TR001117 · NCATS · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI BOULWARE, LEIGH E, LI, JENNIFER S · 2013 to 2017
$41.3M
Endocrinology and Metabolism Training ProgramT32DK007012 · NIDDK · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI DAVID A. D'ALESSIO · 1986 to 2026
$6.8M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001117NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK007012
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with diabetes at risk of food insecurity face cost barriers to healthy eating and, as a result, poor health outcomes. Population health management strategies are needed to improve food security in real-world health system settings. We seek to test the effect of a prescription produce program, 'Eat Well' on cardiometabolic health and healthcare utilization. We will also assess the implementation of an automated, affirmative outreach strategy.

methodsWe will recruit approximately 2400 patients from an integrated academic health system in the southeastern United States as part of a two-arm parallel hybrid type 1 pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Patients with diabetes, at risk for food insecurity, and a recent hemoglobin A1c reading will be eligible to participate. The intervention arm receives, 'Eat Well', which provides a debit card with $80 (added monthly) for 12 months valid for fresh, frozen, or canned fruits and vegetables across grocery retailers. The control arm does not. Both arms receive educational resources with diabetes nutrition and self-management materials, and information on existing care management resources. Using an intent-to-treat analysis, primary outcomes include hemoglobin A1C levels and emergency department visits in the 12 months following enrollment. Reach and fidelity data will be collected to assess implementation. DISCUSSION: Addressing food insecurity, particularly among those at heightened cardiometabolic risk, is critical to equitable and effective population health management. Pragmatic trials provide important insights into the effectiveness and implementation of 'Eat Well' and approaches like it in real-world settings. REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05896644; Clinical Trial Registration Date: 2023-06-09.

Indexed as

Diet, HealthyFood InsecurityGlycated HemoglobinDiabetes MellitusFemaleFruitHumansPragmatic Clinical Trials as TopicRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicVegetablesGlycated HemoglobinDiabetesFood insecurityPopulation health managementPragmatic trialPrescription produce

Identifiers

PMID39111387
PMCPMC13624934

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.