ArticleAnnals of botany2025
Differential growth rate, water-use efficiency and climate sensitivity between males and females of Ilex aquifolium in north-western Spain.
Article in Annals of botany, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- ChemicaL Profiles and Foraging Efficiency in a Carnivorous Plant: Effects of Contrasting Precipitation Regimes.Journal of chemical ecology · 2026Article
- Sex matters: understanding wood-leaf hydraulic coordination in dioecious species in a drying world.Tree physiology · 2025Article
- Testing predictions of spatial segregation of the sexes and life-history theory in three species of the dioecious genus Baccharis L. from southeastern Brazil.Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsDioecious plant species, i.e. those in which male and female functions are housed in different individuals, are particularly vulnerable to global environmental changes. For long-lived plant species, such as trees, long-term studies are imperative to understand how growth patterns and their sensitivity to climate variability affect the sexes differentially.
methodsHere, we explore long-term intersexual differences in wood traits, namely radial growth rates and water-use efficiency quantified as stable carbon isotope abundance of wood cellulose, and their climate sensitivity in Ilex aquifolium trees growing in a natural population in north-western Spain. KEY
resultsWe found that sex differences in secondary growth rates were variable over time, with males outperforming females in both radial growth rates and water-use efficiency in recent decades. Summer water stress significantly reduced the growth of female trees in the following growing season, whereas the growth of male trees was favoured primarily by cloudy and rainy conditions in the previous autumn and winter combined with low cloud cover and warm conditions in summer. Sex-dependent lagged correlations between radial growth and water availability were found, with a strong association between tree growth and cumulative water availability in females at 30 months and in males at 10 months.
conclusionsOverall, our results point to greater vulnerability of female trees to increasing drought, which could lead to sex-ratio biases threatening population viability in the future.
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