ArticleHeliyon2024
Ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack due to cervical and intracranial large-vessel vasculitis secondary to primary Sjögren's syndrome: A case series and literature review.
Article in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Primary Sjogren syndrome with suspected central nervous system inflammatory involvement.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- LGI1 Antibody-Associated Encephalitis Complicated with Sjögren's Syndrome and Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Case Report and Literature ReviewEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Article
- Primary sjögren's syndrome among patients with cerebral infarction.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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9 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that mainly affects exocrine glands. Little is known about PSS associated cervical and intracranial cerebral large-vessel vasculitis outside of individual case reports. Methods: We present 5 cases of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic stroke (TIA) caused by PSS associated cervical and intracranial large-vessel vasculitis. Literature review was performed to summarize and identify the demographic, clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of this condition. Results: The review resulted in 8 included articles with 8 patients, plus our 5 new patients, leading to a total of 13 subjects included in the analysis. The median age was 43 (range, 17-69) years old, among which 69.2 % (9/13) were female, and 92.3 % (12/13) came from Asia. Among them, 84.6 % (11/13) presented with cerebral infarction and 70.0 % (7/10) with watershed infarction. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) (6/13, 46.2 %) and internal carotid artery (ICA) (6/13, 46.2 %) were the most frequently involved arteries. Remarkable vessel wall concentric thickening and enhancement was observed in 57.1 % (4/7) patients and intravascular thrombi was identified in 28.6 % (2/7) patients. Glucocorticoid combined with non-glucocorticoid immunosuppressants (8/12, 66.7 %) were the most often chosen medication therapy and 4 patients received surgical intervention. Conclusion: Asian females are the most vulnerable population to ischemic stroke or TIA due to PSS associated cervical and intracranial large-vessel vasculitis. Cerebral infarctions were characterized by recurrence and watershed pattern. Magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (MR-VWI) helps to identify the inflammatory pathology of large vessel lesion in PSS.
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