ArticleSurgical neurology international2024
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt extrusion in pediatric patients, clinical patterns and therapeutic strategies: A scoping review.
Article in Surgical neurology international, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Transanal Extrusion of a Cystoperitoneal Shunt Catheter in a Child: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Cureus · 2026Article
- Umbilical cerebrospinal fluid fistula following ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement: a case report and literature review.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPSs) are frequently employed in neurosurgery to treat hydrocephalus, with a particular focus on pediatric patients. Although VPSs are commonly utilized, they are not exempt from difficulties, such as shunt extrusion. The main aim of this study is to enhance comprehension regarding the occurrence, causes contributing to, and consequences of VPS extrusion in pediatric patients. Methods: A comprehensive search approach was implemented, including electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, to locate pertinent articles published between January 1950 and May 2023. The utilization of keywords such as "ventriculoperitoneal shunt" and "extrusion," "ventriculoperitoneal shunt" and "migration," and "ventriculoperitoneal shunt" and "perforation" was employed. Data on patient demographics, underlying diseases, origin of extrusion, presenting symptoms, treatment, and follow-up were gathered. Statistical studies were conducted to identify potential risk factors connected with the occurrence of shunt extrusion. Results: A study analyzed 80 studies on 120 individuals with extruded VPS catheters. The majority of patients (55.8%) had symptoms such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage and irritation. Hydrocephalus was categorized into congenital (40%), obstructive (36.7%), and communicating (11.7%) groups. Catheter extrusion sites varied, with most from the anal or rectal site. Preoperative meningitis or peritonitis was present in 20% of patients. Treatments ranged from shunt removal to endoscopic third ventriculostomy, resulting in a 90% recovery rate, 1.7% mortality, and 5% follow-up loss. Conclusion: Extrusion of the distal catheter in VPSs is a critical medical situation that necessitates urgent surgical intervention. The presence of an infection raises the likelihood of complications; hence, it is vital to promptly address the issue through the administration of antibiotics and the replacement of the shunt. Timely intervention enhances results.
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